Whereas "Kynismus" denotes the ancient school of cynicism and "Zynismus" a modern form of political indifference in German, Nietzsche wrote of "Cynismus" alone. In his study on Nietzsche's reception of "Kynismus" and "Zynismus," and the proximity of the concept of the revaluation of values to Diogenes, the author of this volume shows that Nietzsche's cynicism went beyond both "Kynismus" and "Zynismus."