The focus of this study on same-sex love in the Kaiser Wilhelm II close circle predominantly narrows in on the monarch's confidantes, who have always stood in the shadows of well-known actors in historical presentations. However, upon closer inspection, they prove to have been important instigators, intervening in imperial politics directly with the approval of the Kaiser or reinforcing him in his sometimes diffuse views.

Peter Heinrich Mathias Winzen, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.