The study is the first to combine a detailed examination of the genesis of Georg Büchner's (1813-1837) scientific writings based on testimonies and documents with a new edition and a comprehensive commentary addressing issues such as Büchner's responses to contemporary scientific research, his own methodological approach, and his views on organic science. The resulting determination of the position occupied by Büchner and his scientific writings in the history of science provides a starting point for future discussion aimed at defining Büchner's position in the history of literature even more accurately than before.