A systematic and comprehensive introduction to electromagnetic transient in cable systems, written by the internationally renowned pioneer in this field

* Presents a systematic and comprehensive introduction to electromagnetic transient in cable systems

* Written by the internationally renowned pioneer in the field

* Thorough coverage of the state of the art on the topic, presented in a well-organized, logical style, from fundamentals and practical applications

* A companion website is available

About the Authors xi

Preface xiii

Acknowledgements xv

1 Various Cables Used in Practice 1
Teruo Ohno
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Land Cables 3
1.2.1 Introduction 3
1.2.2 XLPE Cables 4
1.2.3 SCOF Cables 9
1.2.4 HPOF Cables 10
1.3 Submarine Cables 11
1.3.1 Introduction 11
1.3.2 HVAC Submarine Cables 11
1.3.3 HVDC Submarine Cables 12
1.4 Laying Configurations 13
1.4.1 Burial Condition 13
1.4.2 Sheath Bonding 14
References 19

2 Impedance and Admittance Formulas 21
Akihiro Ametani
2.1 Single-core Coaxial Cable (SC Cable) 22
2.1.1 Impedance 22
2.1.2 Potential Coefficient 25
2.2 Pipe-enclosed Type Cable (PT Cable) 27
2.2.1 Impedance 27
2.2.2 Potential Coefficient 29
2.3 Arbitrary Cross-section Conductor 31
2.3.1 Equivalent Cylindrical Conductor 31
2.3.2 Examples 32
2.4 Semiconducting Layer Impedance 35
2.4.1 Derivation of Impedance 35
2.4.2 Impedance of Two-layered Conductor 38
2.4.3 Discussion of the Impedance Formula 38
2.4.4 Admittance of Semiconducting Layer 40
2.4.5 Wave Propagation Characteristic of Cable with Core Outer Semiconducting Layer 40
2.4.6 Concluding Remarks 47
2.5 Discussion of the Formulation 47
2.5.1 Discussion of the Formulas 47
2.5.2 Parameters Influencing Cable Impedance and Admittance 49
2.6 EMTP Subroutines Cable Constants and Cable Parameters 52
2.6.1 Overhead Line 52
2.6.2 Underground/Overhead Cable 52
Appendix 2.A Impedance of an SC Cable Consisting of a Core, a Sheath and an Armor 54
Appendix 2.B Potential Coefficient 56
Appendix 2.C Internal Impedances of Arbitrary Cross-section Conductor 57
Appendix 2.D Derivation of Semiconducting Layer Impedance 58
References 61

3 Theory of Wave Propagation in Cables 63
Akihiro Ametani
3.1 Modal Theory 63
3.1.1 Eigenvalues and Vectors 63
3.1.2 Calculation of a Matrix Function by Eigenvalues/Vectors 65
3.1.3 Direct Application of Eigenvalue Theory to a Multi-conductor System 66
3.1.4 Modal Theory 67
3.1.5 Formulation of Multi-conductor Voltages and Currents 69
3.1.6 Boundary Conditions and Two-port Theory 71
3.1.7 Problems 77
3.2 Basic Characteristics of Wave Propagation on Single-phase SC Cables 78
3.2.1 Basic Propagation Characteristics for a Transient 78
3.2.2 Frequency-dependent Characteristics 81
3.2.3 Time Response of Wave Deformation 84
3.3 Three-phase Underground SC Cables 84
3.3.1 Mutual Coupling between Phases 84
3.3.2 Transformation Matrix 86
3.3.3 Attenuation and Velocity 87
3.3.4 Characteristic Impedance 88
3.4 Effect of Various Parameters of an SC Cable 90
3.4.1 Buried Depth h 91
3.4.2 Earth Resistivity e 91
3.4.3 Sheath Thickness d 91
3.4.4 Sheath Resistivity s 91
3.4.5 Arrangement of a Three-phase SC Cable 93
3.5 Cross-bonded Cable 94
3.5.1 Introduction of Cross-bonded Cable 94
3.5.2 Theoretical Formulation of a Cross-bonded Cable 95
3.5.3 Homogeneous Model of a Cross-bonded Cable 102
3.5.4 Difference between Tunnel-installed and Buried Cables 105

3.6 PT Cable 114
3.6.1 Introduction of PT Cable 114
3.6.2 PT Cable with Finite-pipe Thickness 115
3.6.3 Effect of Eccentricity of Inner Conductor 128
3.6.4 Effect of the Permittivity of the Pipe Inner Insulator 133
3.6.5 Overhead PT Cable 133
3.7 Propagation Characteristics of Intersheath Modes 134
3.7.1 Theoretical Analysis of Intersheath Modes 134
3.7.2 Transients on a Cross-bonded Cable 144
3.7.3 Earth-return Mode 159
3.7.4 Concluding Remarks 160
References 160

4 Cable Modeling for Transient Simulations 163
Teruo Ohno and Akihiro Ametani
4.1 Sequence Impedances Using a Lumped PI-circuit Model 163
4.1.1 Solidly Bonded Cables 163
4.1.2 Cross-bonded Cables 167
4.1.3 Derivation of Sequence Impedance Formulas 168
4.2 Electromagnetic Transients Program...