The trusted handbook--now in a new edition

This newly revised handbook presents a multifaceted view of
systems engineering from process and systems management
perspectives. It begins with a comprehensive introduction to the
subject and provides a brief overview of the thirty-four chapters
that follow. This introductory chapter is intended to serve as a
"field guide" that indicates why, when, and how to use the material
that follows in the handbook.

Topical coverage includes: systems engineering life cycles and
management; risk management; discovering system requirements;
configuration management; cost management; total quality
management; reliability, maintainability, and availability;
concurrent engineering; standards in systems engineering; system
architectures; systems design; systems integration; systematic
measurements; human supervisory control; managing organizational
and individual decision-making; systems reengineering; project
planning; human systems integration; information technology and
knowledge management; and more.

The handbook is written and edited for systems engineers in
industry and government, and to serve as a university reference
handbook in systems engineering and management courses. By focusing
on systems engineering processes and systems management, the
editors have produced a long-lasting handbook that will make a
difference in the design of systems of all types that are large in
scale and/or scope.

Andrew P. Sage, PhD, became the First American Bank
Professor of Information Technology and Engineering at George Mason
University and the first Dean of the School of Information
Technology and Engineering. Dr. Sage is a member of the National
Academy of Engineering, as well as a Fellow of the IEEE, the
American Association for the Advancement of Science, and INCOSE. He
is the Editor of the Wiley Series in Systems Engineering and
Management and of Wiley's Journal of Systems
Engineering.

William B. Rouse, PhD, is a professor in the School of
Industrial and Systems Engineering at the Georgia Institute of
Technology and holds a joint appointment within the College of
Computing. He also serves as Executive Director of the Tennenbaum
Institute, a campus-wide research center focused on complex
organizational systems. Dr. Rouse is a member of the National
Academy of Engineering, as well as a Fellow of the IEEE, the
International Council on Systems Engineering, the Institute for
Operations Research and the Management Sciences, and the Human
Factors and Ergonomics Society.

This newly revised handbook presents a multifaceted view of systems engineering from process and systems management perspectives. It begins with a comprehensive introduction to the subject and provides a brief overview of the thirty-four chapters that follow. This introductory chapter is intended to serve as a "field guide" that indicates why, when, and how to use the material that follows in the handbook.

Topical coverage includes: systems engineering life cycles and management; risk management; discovering system requirements; configuration management; cost management; total quality management; reliability, maintainability, and availability; concurrent engineering; standards in systems engineering; system architectures; systems design; systems integration; systematic measurements; human supervisory control; managing organizational and individual decision-making; systems reengineering; project planning; human systems integration; information technology and knowledge management; and more.

The handbook is written and edited for systems engineers in industry and government, and to serve as a university reference handbook in systems engineering and management courses. By focusing on systems engineering processes and systems management, the editors have produced a long-lasting handbook that will make a difference in the design of systems of all types that are large in scale and/or scope.

Contributors xxi

An Introduction to Systems Engineering and Systems Management 1
Andrew P. Sage and William B. Rouse

Systems Engineering 2

Importance of Technical Direction and Systems Management 6

Additional Definitions of Systems Engineering 9

Life-Cycle Methodologies, or Processes, for Systems Engineering 23

The Rest of the Handbook of Systems Engineering and Management 31

Knowledge Map of the Systems Engineering and Management Handbook 50

The Many Dimensions of Systems Engineering 55

People, Organizations, Technology, and Architectures and System Families 56

References 62

1 Systems Engineering Life Cycles: Life Cycles for Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation; Acquisition; and Planning and Marketing 65
F. G. Patterson, Jr.

1.1 Introduction 65

1.2 Classification of Organizational Processes 69

1.3 Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Life Cycles 72

1.4 System Acquisition or Production Life Cycles 76

1.5 The Planning and Marketing Life Cycle 86

1.6 Software Acquisition life-Cycle Models 88

1.7 Trends in Systems Engineering Life Cycles 96

1.8 Conclusion 108

2 Systems Engineering Management: The Multidisciplinary Discipline 117
Aaron J. Shenhar and Brian Sauser

2.1 Introduction 117

2.2 Defining Systems Engineering Management 118

2.3 Activities and Roles of the Systems Engineering Manager 120

2.4 Toward a Comprehensive Framework for the Implementation of Systems Engineering Management: The Four-Dimensional "Diamond Taxonomy"NTCP 123

2.5 Different Systems Engineering Management Roles for Various Project Types 131

2.6 The Skills, Tools, and Disciplines Involved in Systems Engineering Management 145

2.7 Developing Educational and Training Programs in Systems Engineering Management 147

2.8 Conclusion 150

3 Risk Management 155
Yacov Y. Haimes

3.1 The Process of Risk Assessment and Management 155

3.2 The Holistic Approach to Risk Analysis 157

3.3 Risk of Extreme Events 167

3.4 The Partitioned Multiobjective Risk Method 171

3.5 The Characteristics of Risk in Human-Engineered Systems 180

3.6 Selected Cases of Risk-Based Engineering Problems 181

3.7 Conclusion 200

4 Discovering System Requirements 205
A. Terry Bahill and Frank F. Dean

4.1 Introduction 205

4.2 Stating The Problem 205

4.3 What Are Requirements? 209

4.4 Qualities of a Good Requirement 210

4.5 Characterization of Requirements 216

4.6 The Requirements Development and Management Process 227

4.7 Fitting the Requirements Process into the Systems Engineering Process 243

4.8 Related Items 245

4.9 Requirements Volatility 247

4.10 Inspections 248

4.11 A Heuristic Example of Requirements 249

4.12 The Hybrid Process for Capturing Requirements 250

4.13 Conclusion 264

5 Configuration Management 267
Peggy S. Brouse

5.1 Introduction 267

5.2 Configuration Management within the System Life Cycle 271

5.3 Configuration Status Accounting and Configuration Auditing 281

5.4 Configuration Management Responsibilities 283

5.5 Configuration Management in Process Improvement 283

5.6 Configuration Management Tools 286

5.7 Conclusion 289

6 Cost Management 291
Benjamin S. Blanchard

6.1 Introduction 291

6.2 Life-Cycle Costing 291

6.3 Functional…