References, to the reader, are like insulin to the diabetic: when needed they are indispensable, but in excess they induce coma. Moreover, when references are simply shovelled into a text in great gobbets, it is hard to resist the suspicion that the author has not read them all, but has copied some from a previous author's list. The story is told of one author who mischievously included in his list a bogus reference to an obscure foreign journal, and gleefully noted its frequent appearance in future articles. One of the joys of this present book is that the number of references to each topic is very small. But these few have been selected with dis­ cretion and studied with care. Each group of references is followed by a critical assessment, written with balanced judgment and commendable brevity, and how refreshing it is to find authors who read much but write little. In fact, these authors have followed the pattern of the sister work, Selected References in Orthopaedic Trauma, published in 1989.

Section 1: General Orthopaedics.- Infection.- Osteomyelitis.- The Classic.- Acute.- Subacute.- Chronic.- Special Sites.- 1 Spine.- 2 Pelvis.- Atypical Bacteriology.- Suppurative Arthritis in the Child.- Clinical Studies.- Review Article.- Tuberculosis of Bone and Joint.- Tumours: Primary.- General Principles.- Staging.- Biopsy.- Radiology.- Limb-Sparing Treatment.- Review Article.- Osteosarcoma.- Parosteal Osteosarcoma.- Paget's Sarcoma.- Ewing's Sarcoma.- Sarcoma and Joint Replacement.- Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma.- Chondrosarcoma.- The Classic.- Review Articles.- Soft-tissue Sarcoma.- Giant-cell T umour.- Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis.- Synovial Chondromatosis.- Osteoid Osteoma and Osteoblastoma.- Bone Cysts.- Chordoma.- Pelvic Tumours.- Book Reference.- Tumours: Secondary.- General.- The Spine.- Metabolic Bone Disease.- Osteoporosis.- Review Articles.- Fractures.- Rickets, Osteomalacia and Osteodystrophy.- Hyperparathyroidism.- Paget's Disease.- Review Articles.- Radiology.- Sarcoma.- Hip Arthroplasty.- Lumbar Stenosis.- Osteopetrosis.- Neuromuscular Disorders.- Cerebral Palsy.- General Review.- The Upper Limb.- The Lower Limb.- The Spine.- Book Reference.- Stroke.- Spina Bifida.- Review Articles.- The Hip.- The Foot.- Orthotic Treatment.- Book Reference.- Poliomyelitis.- The Classic.- Clinical Study.- Surgical Treatment.- Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita.- Clinical Studies.- Other Neuromuscular Disorders.- Rheumatoid Disorders.- Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Pathology.- Radiology.- Prognosis.- Treatment.- Surgery.- Book Reference.- Seronegative Spondarthritis.- Psoriatic Arthritis.- Ankylosing Spondylitis.- Review Article.- Natural History.- The Hip.- The Spine.- Book Reference.- Chronic Juvenile Arthritis.- Clinical Studies.- Reiter's Disease.- Gout and Degenerative Osteoarthritis.- Gout.- Pyrophosphate Arthropathy (Pseudogout: Chondrocalcinosis).- Osteoarthritis.- The Classic.- Pathology.- Aetiology and Patterns.- Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis.- Haemophilic Arthropathy.- Pathology.- Clinical Studies.- Arthrodesis or Arthroplasty?.- Review Article.- Bone Necrosis.- Review Article.- Pathogenesis.- Treatment.- Caisson's Disease.- Sickle-cell Disease.- Bone Dysplasias.- Osteogenesis Imperfecta.- Review Article.- Treatment.- Book References.- Achondroplasia.- Dyschondroplasia (Ollier's Disease).- Hereditary Multiple Exostosis (Diaphyseal Aclasis).- Fibrous Dysplasia.- The Classic.- Clinical Studies.- Book Reference.- Neurofibromatosis.- Review Article.- The Spine.- The Tibia.- Book Reference.- Section 2: The Upper Limb.- Nerve Entrapment Syndromes.- Review Articles.- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.- Pronator Teres Syndrome.- Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome.- Ulnar Nerve Compression Syndrome.- The Shoulder.- Anterior Shoulder Pain.- Review Article.- Shoulder Arthroscopy.- Radiology.- Magnetic Resonance Imaging.- Rotator Cuff Disorders.- The Classic.- Pathology - Clinical Features.- Treatment.- Cuff-Tear Arthropathy.- Instability.- Arthroplasty.- Clinical Studies.- Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Clinical Studies.- Review Article.- Frozen Shoulder.- Clinical Studies.- Book Reference.- The Elbow Joint.- Tennis Elbow.- The Rheumatoid Elbow.- Synovectomy.- Total Elbow Arthroplasty.- Historical.- Review Article.- Clinical Studies.- Revision Elbow Arthroplasty.- Section 3: The Hand.- Congenital Abnormalities.- Stenosing Tenosynovitis.- Digital.- De Quervain's Disease.- Book Reference.- Dupuytren's Disease.- Aetiology.- Pathogenesis.- Long-term Results.- Surgical Treatment.- Book Reference.- Kienbock's Disease.- Clinical Studies.- Osteoarthritis - First Carpometacarpal Joint.- The Rheumatoid Hand.- The Classic.- Review Articles.- The Wrist.- Silicone Synovitis.- Surgery.- 1 Flexor Tendons.- 2 Extensor Tendons and Dorsum of Wrist.- 3 Metacarpophalangeal Joints of the Fingers.- 4 The Proximal Interphalangeal Joint.- 5 The Thumb.- Tumours.- Section 4: The Spine.- The Neck.- Cervical Disc and Degenerative Disease.- Pathogenesis.- Radiology.- Natural History.- Surgical Treatment.- Torticollis.- Clinical Reviews.- Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Natural History.- Surgical Treatment.- Down's Syndrome.- Clinical Reviews.- Lumbar Disc Disorders.- Applied Anatomy.- Pathogenesis.- Epidemiology.- Clinical Studies - Low Back Pain.- Radiological Investigation.- Treatment - Medical.- Treatment - Surgical.- 1 Review Articles.- 2 Central Disc Prolapse.- 3 Standard Discectomy.- 4 Discectomy and Fusion.- 5 Microsurgical Lumbar Discectomy.- 6 Percutaneous Discectomy.- 7 Complications of Surgical Treatment: Vascular Injuries.- 8 Complications of Surgical Treatment: Arachnoiditis.- Chemonucleolysis.- Facet Arthritis.- Lumbar Instability.- Lumbar Disc Prolapse in Adolescence.- Spondylolisthesis.- The Classic.- Aetiology.- Natural History.- Radiology.- Surgery.- Review Article.- Spinal Stenosis.- Review Article.- Pathology and Diagnosis.- Treatment.- Scoliosis.- Congenital Scoliosis.- Infantile Scoliosis.- Screening.- Late-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis.- Pathology.- Natural History.- Conservative Treatment.- Surgical Treatment.- 1 Review Article.- 2 Selection of Levels of Fusion.- 3 Method of Fusion.- 4 The Rib Hump.- 5 Neurological Complications.- Spinal Cord Monitoring.- Adult Scoliosis.- Scoliosis in Neuromuscular Disease.- Cerebral Palsy.- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.- Neurofibromatosis.- Scheuermann's Disease.- Tuberculosis of the Spine.- Clinical Studies.- Pott's Paraplegia.- Secondary Tumours of the Spine.- Section 5: The Lower Limb.- Limb-Length Inequality.- The Classic.- Basic Studies.- Clinical Studies.- The Ilizarov Technique.- Review Article.- Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome.- The Hip.- Congenital Dislocation.- Early Diagnosis, Screening and Treatment.- Aetiology.- Treatment - Young Child.- Avascular Necrosis.- Treatment - Older Child.- Review Article.- Perthes' Disease.- Classification.- Aetiology and Pathogenesis.- Long-term Follow-up.- The Difficult Hip.- Growth Changes.- Treatment.- Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis.- Incidence and Aetiology.- Classification and Remodelling.- Long-term Follow-up.- Treatment - The Mild Slip.- Treatment - The Severe Slip.- The Contralateral Hip.- Complications.- Transient Synovitis.- Osteoarthritis.- Pathology.- Mechanics.- Treatment - Upper Femoral Osteotomy.- Book Reference.- Total Hip Arthroplasty.- Historical.- Evaluation of Results - The Classics.- Long-term Results of Cemented Arthroplasty.- Bone-Cement Interface.- Osseointegration.- Uncemented Arthroplasty.- Resurfacing.- Migration.- Aseptic Loosening.- Total Hip Arthroplasty in Special Groups.- Congenital Dislocation of the Hip.- Paget's Disease.- Rheumatoid Arthritis.- Juvenile Arthritis.- Ankylosing Spondylitis.- Femoral Osteotomy.- Arthrodesis.- Acetabular Deficiency.- Sickle-cell Disease.- Following Infection.- Following Tuberculosis of the Hip.- Complications.- Vascular and Neurological Complications.- Fractures of the Femur.- Infection - Prevention.- Infection - Treatme…