Epidemiology Kept Simple introduces the epidemiological
principles and methods that are increasingly important in the
practice of medicine and public health. With minimum use of
technical language it fully explains terminology, concepts, and
techniques associated with traditional and modern epidemiology.
Topics include disease causality, epidemiologic measures,
descriptive epidemiology, study design, clinical and primary
prevention trials, observational cohort studies, case-control
studies, and the consideration of random and systematic error in
studies of causal factors. Chapters on the infectious disease
process, outbreak investigation, and screening for disease are also
included. The latter chapters introduce more advanced
biostatistical and epidemiologic techniques, such as survival
analysis, Mantel-Haenszel techniques, and tests for
interaction.
This third edition addresses all the requirements of the
American Schools of Public Health (ASPH) Epidemiological
Competencies, and provides enhanced clarity and
readability on this difficult subject. Updated with new practical
exercises, case studies and real world examples, this title helps
you develop the necessary tools to interpret epidemiological data
and prepare for board exams, and now also includes review questions
at the end of each chapter.
Epidemiology Kept Simple continues to provide an
introductory guide to the use of epidemiological methods for
graduate and undergraduate students studying public health, health
education and nursing, and for all practicing health professionals
seeking professional development.
Autorentext
B. Burt Gerstman, Professor in Department of Health Science, San Jose University, CA USA.
Klappentext
Epidemiology Kept Simple AN INTRODUCTION TO TRADITIONAL AND MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY THIRD EDITION B. Burt Gerstman
Epidemiology Kept Simple introduces the epidemiological principles and methods that are increasingly important in the practice of medicine and public health. With minimum use of technical language it fully explains terminology, concepts, and techniques associated with traditional and modern epidemiology.
Topics include disease causality, epidemiologic measures, descriptive epidemiology, study design, clinical and primary prevention trials, observational cohort studies, case-control studies, and the consideration of random and systematic error in studies of causal factors. Chapters on the infectious disease process, outbreak investigation, and screening for disease are also included. The latter chapters introduce more advanced biostatistical and epidemiologic techniques, such as survival analysis, Mantel-Haenszel techniques, and tests for interaction.
This third edition addresses all the requirements of the American Schools of Public Health (ASPH) Epidemiological Competencies and provides practical exercises, case studies and real world examples to help develop the necessary tools to interpret epidemiological data and prepare for board exams.
Epidemiology Kept Simple continues to provide an introductory guide to the use of epidemiological methods for graduate and undergraduate students studying public health, health education and nursing, and for all practicing health professionals seeking professional development.
Zusammenfassung
Epidemiology Kept Simple introduces the epidemiological principles and methods that are increasingly important in the practice of medicine and public health. With minimum use of technical language it fully explains terminology, concepts, and techniques associated with traditional and modern epidemiology. Topics include disease causality, epidemiologic measures, descriptive epidemiology, study design, clinical and primary prevention trials, observational cohort studies, case-control studies, and the consideration of random and systematic error in studies of causal factors. Chapters on the infectious disease process, outbreak investigation, and screening for disease are also included. The latter chapters introduce more advanced biostatistical and epidemiologic techniques, such as survival analysis, Mantel-Haenszel techniques, and tests for interaction.
This third edition addresses all the requirements of the American Schools of Public Health (ASPH) Epidemiological Competencies, and provides enhanced clarity and
readability on this difficult subject. Updated with new practical exercises, case studies and real world examples, this title helps you develop the necessary tools to interpret epidemiological data and prepare for board exams, and now also includes review questions at the end of each chapter.
Epidemiology Kept Simple continues to provide an introductory guide to the use of epidemiological methods for graduate and undergraduate students studying public health, health education and nursing, and for all practicing health professionals seeking professional development.
Inhalt
Preface to the Third Edition xi
Preface to the First Edition xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Epidemiology Past and Present 1
1.1 Epidemiology and its uses 2
1.2 Evolving patterns of morbidity and mortality 5
1.3 Selected historical figures and events 8
1.4 Chapter summary 30
Review questions 31
References 32
2 Causal Concepts 36
2.1 Natural history of disease 36
2.2 Variability in the expression of disease 40
2.3 Causal models 41
2.4 Causal inference 48
Exercises 58
Review questions 61
References 63
3 Epidemiologic Measures 66
3.1 Measures of disease frequency 67
3.2 Measures of association 74
3.3 Measures of potential impact 79
3.4 Rate adjustment 82
Exercises 90
Review questions 98
References 99
Addendum: additional mathematical details 101
4 Descriptive Epidemiology 104
4.1 Introduction 104
4.2 Epidemiologic variables 108
4.3 Ecological correlations 116
Exercises 121
Review questions 123
References 124
5 Introduction to Epidemiologic Study Design 126
5.1 Etiologic research 126
5.2 Ethical conduct of studies involving human subjects 129
5.3 Selected study design elements 130
5.4 Common types of epidemiologic studies 137
Exercises 138
Review questions 140
References 141
6 Experimental Studies 142
6.1 Introduction 142
6.2 Historical perspective 144
6.3 General concepts 146
6.4 Data analysis 152
Exercises 156
Review questions 157
References 157
7 Observational Cohort Studies 159
7.1 Introduction 159
7.2 Historical perspective 161
7.3 Assembling and following a cohort 163
7.4 Prospective, retrospective, and ambidirectional cohorts 164
7.5 Addressing the potential for confounding 165
7.6 Data analysis 166
7.7 Historically important study: Wade Hampton Frost's birth cohorts 170
Exercises 174
Review questions 177
References 177
8 Case-Control Studies 180
8.1 Introduction 180
8.2 Identifying cases and controls 182
8.3 Obtaining information on exposure 185
8.4 Data analysis 186
8.5 Statistical justifications of case-control odds ratio as relative risks 193
Exercises 194
Review questions 198
References 199
9 Error in Epidemiologic Research 201
9.1 Introduction 201
9.2 Random error (imprecision) 203
9.3 Systematic error (bias) 209
Exercises 217
Review questions 219
References 220
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