Automated Continuous Process Control pulls together-in one
compact and practical volume-the essentials for
understanding, designing, and operating process control systems.
This comprehensive guide covers the major elements of process
control in a well-defined and ordered framework. Concepts are
clearly presented, with minimal reliance on mathematical equations
and strong emphasis on practical, real-life examples.
Beginning with the very basics of process control, Automated
Continuous Process Control builds upon each chapter to help the
reader understand and efficiently practice industrial process
control. This complete presentation includes:
* A discussion of processes from a physical point of view
* Feedback controllers and the workhorse in the
industry-the PID controller
* The concept and implementation of cascade control
* Ratio, override (or constraint), and selective control
* Block diagrams and stability
* Feedforward control
* Techniques to control processes with long dead times
* Multivariable process control
Applicable for electrical, industrial, chemical, or mechanical
engineers, Automated Continuous Process Control offers proven
process control guidance that can actually be used in day-to-day
operations. The reader will also benefit from the companion CD-ROM,
which contains processes that have been successfully used for many
years to practice tuning feedback and cascade controllers, as well
as designing feedforward controllers.
Autorentext
CARLOS A. SMITH is Professor of Chemical Engineering and Associate Dean of Academics in the College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa. He not only teaches students but also teaches numerous short courses on process control to professionals. He is the coauthor of the bestselling textbook Principles of Automatic Process Control (Wiley).
Klappentext
An expert guide for understanding and applying process control
Automated Continuous Process Control pulls together-in one compact and practical volume-the essentials for understanding, designing, and operating process control systems. This comprehensive guide covers the major elements of process control in a well-defined and ordered framework. Concepts are clearly presented, with minimal reliance on mathematical equations and strong emphasis on practical, real-life examples.
Beginning with the very basics of process control, Automated Continuous Process Control builds upon each chapter to help the reader understand and efficiently practice industrial process control. This complete presentation includes:
* A discussion of processes from a physical point of view
* Feedback controllers and the workhorse in the industry-the PID controller
* The concept and implementation of cascade control
* Ratio, override (or constraint), and selective control
* Block diagrams and stability
* Feedforward control
* Techniques to control processes with long dead times
* Multivariable process control
Applicable for electrical, industrial, chemical, or mechanical engineers, Automated Continuous Process Control offers proven process control guidance that can actually be used in day-to-day operations. The reader will also benefit from the companion CD-ROM, which contains processes that have been successfully used for many years to practice tuning feedback and cascade controllers, as well as designing feedforward controllers.
Zusammenfassung
Automated Continuous Process Control pulls togetherin one compact and practical volumethe essentials for understanding, designing, and operating process control systems. This comprehensive guide covers the major elements of process control in a well-defined and ordered framework. Concepts are clearly presented, with minimal reliance on mathematical equations and strong emphasis on practical, real-life examples.
Beginning with the very basics of process control, Automated Continuous Process Control builds upon each chapter to help the reader understand and efficiently practice industrial process control. This complete presentation includes:
- A discussion of processes from a physical point of view
- Feedback controllers and the workhorse in the industrythe PID controller
- The concept and implementation of cascade control
- Ratio, override (or constraint), and selective control
- Block diagrams and stability
- Feedforward control
- Techniques to control processes with long dead times
- Multivariable process control
Applicable for electrical, industrial, chemical, or mechanical engineers, Automated Continuous Process Control offers proven process control guidance that can actually be used in day-to-day operations. The reader will also benefit from the companion CD-ROM, which contains processes that have been successfully used for many years to practice tuning feedback and cascade controllers, as well as designing feedforward controllers.
Inhalt
Preface xi
1 Introduction 1
1-1 Process Control System 1
1-2 Important Terms and Objective of Automatic Process Control 3
1-3 Regulatory and Servo Control 4
1-4 Transmission Signals, Control Systems, and Other Terms 5
1-5 Control Strategies 6
1-5.1 Feedback Control 6
1-5.2 Feedforward Control 8
1-6 Summary 9
2 Process Characteristics 11
2-1 Process and Importance of Process Characteristics 11
2-2 Types of Processes 13
2-3 Self-Regulating Processes 14
2-3.1 Single-Capacitance Processes 14
2-3.2 Multicapacitance Processes 24
2-4 Transmitters and Other Accessories 28
2-5 Obtaining Process Characteristics from Process Data 29
2-6 Questions When Performing Process Testing 32
2-7 Summary 33
Reference 33
Problems 34
3 Feedback Controllers 38
3-1 Action of Controllers 38
3-2 Types of Feedback Controllers 40
3-2.1 Proportional Controller 40
3-2.2 ProportionalIntegral Controller 44
3-2.3 ProportionalIntegralDerivative Controller 48
3-2.4 ProportionalDerivative Controller 50
3-3 Reset Windup 50
3-4 Tuning Feedback Controllers 53
3-4.1 Online Tuning: ZieglerNichols Technique 53
3-4.2 Offline Tuning 54
3-5 Summary 60
References 60
Problems 60
4 Cascade Control 61
4-1 Process Example 61
4-2 Implementation and Tuning of Controllers 65
4-2.1 Two-Level Cascade Systems 65
4-2.2 Three-Level Cascade Systems 68
4-3 Other Process Examples 69
4-4 Closing Comments 72
4-5 Summary 73
References 73
5 Ratio, Override, and Selective Control 74
5-1 Signals and Computing Algorithms 74
5-1.1 Signals 74
5-1.2 Programming 75
5-1.3 Scaling Computing Algorithms 76
5-1.4 Significance of Signals 79
5-2 Ratio Control 80
5-3 Override, or Constraint, Control 88
5-4 Selective Control 92
5-5 Designing Control Systems 95
5-6 Summary 110
References 111
Problems 112
6 Block Diagrams and Stability 127
6-1 Block Diagrams 127
6-2 Control Loop Stability 132
6-2.1 Effect of Gains 137
6-2.2 Effect of Time Constants 138
6-2.3 Effect of Dead Time 138
6-2.4 Effect of Integral Action in the Controller 139
6-2.5 Effect of Derivative Action in the Controller 140
6-3 Summary 141
Reference 141
7 Feedforward Control 142
7-1 Feedforward Concept 142
7-2 Block Diagram Design of Linear Feedforward Controllers 145
7-3 Lead/Lag Term 155
7-4 Extens…