Proteins: Structure and Function is a comprehensive introduction to the study of proteins and their importance to modern biochemistry. Each chapter addresses the structure and function of proteins with a definitive theme designed to enhance student understanding. Opening with a brief historical overview of the subject the book moves on to discuss the 'building blocks' of proteins and their respective chemical and physical properties. Later chapters explore experimental and computational methods of comparing proteins, methods of protein purification and protein folding and stability.
The latest developments in the field are included and key concepts introduced in a user-friendly way to ensure that students are able to grasp the essentials before moving on to more advanced study and analysis of proteins.
An invaluable resource for students of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Medicine and Chemistry providing a modern approach to the subject of Proteins.
Autorentext
David Whitford, Queen Mary & Westfield College, London, UK.
Klappentext
Protein Structure and Function is a comprehensive introduction to the study of proteins and their importance to modern biochemistry. Each chapter addresses the structure and function of proteins with a definitive theme designed to enhance student understanding. Opening with a brief historical overview of the subject the book moves on to discuss the 'building blocks' of proteins and their respective chemical and physical properties. Later chapters explore experimental and computational methods of comparing proteins, methods of protein purification and protein folding and stability.
The latest developments in the field are included and key concepts introduced in a user-friendly way to ensure that students are able to grasp the essentials before moving on to more advanced study and analysis of proteins.
An invaluable resource for students of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Medicine and Chemistry providing a modern approach to the subject of Proteins.
- An accessible introduction to the principles of protein structure and function.
- Beautifully illustrated throughout in full colour.
- Includes end of chapter problems, references to further reading and a full glossary of terms.
- Associated website including web-based tutorials, problems and additional content.
Zusammenfassung
Proteins: Structure and Function is a comprehensive introduction to the study of proteins and their importance to modern biochemistry. Each chapter addresses the structure and function of proteins with a definitive theme designed to enhance student understanding. Opening with a brief historical overview of the subject the book moves on to discuss the 'building blocks' of proteins and their respective chemical and physical properties. Later chapters explore experimental and computational methods of comparing proteins, methods of protein purification and protein folding and stability.
The latest developments in the field are included and key concepts introduced in a user-friendly way to ensure that students are able to grasp the essentials before moving on to more advanced study and analysis of proteins.
An invaluable resource for students of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Medicine and Chemistry providing a modern approach to the subject of Proteins.
Inhalt
Preface xi
1 An Introduction to protein structure and function 1
A brief and very selective historical perspective 1
The biological diversity of proteins 5
Proteins and the sequencing of the human and other genomes 9
Why study proteins? 9
2 Amino acids: the building blocks of proteins 13
The 20 amino acids found in proteins 13
The acid-base properties of amino acids 14
Stereochemical representations of amino acids 15
Peptide bonds 16
The chemical and physical properties of amino acids 23
Detection, identification and quantification of amino acids and proteins 32
Stereoisomerism 34
Non-standard amino acids 35
Summary 36
Problems 37
3 The three-dimensional structure of proteins 39
Primary structure or sequence 39
Secondary structure 39
Tertiary structure 50
Quaternary structure 62
The globin family and the role of quaternary structure in modulating activity 66
Immunoglobulins 74
Cyclic proteins 81
Summary 81
Problems 83
4 The structure and function of fibrous proteins 85
The amino acid composition and organization of fibrous proteins 85
Keratins 86
Fibroin 92
Collagen 92
Summary 102
Problems 103
5 The structure and function of membrane proteins 105
The molecular organization of membranes 105
Membrane protein topology and function seen through organization of the erythrocyte membrane 110
Bacteriorhodopsin and the discovery of seven transmembrane helices 114
The structure of the bacterial reaction centre 123
Oxygenic photosynthesis 126
Photosystem I 126
Membrane proteins based on transmembrane ß barrels 128
Respiratory complexes 132
Complex III, the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 132
Complex IV or cytochrome oxidase 138
The structure of ATP synthetase 144
ATPase family 152
Summary 156
Problems 159
6 The diversity of proteins 161
Prebiotic synthesis and the origins of proteins 161
Evolutionary divergence of organisms and its relationship to protein structure and function 163
Protein sequence analysis 165
Protein databases 180
Gene fusion and duplication 181
Secondary structure prediction 181
Genomics and proteomics 183
Summary 187
Problems 187
7 Enzyme kinetics, structure, function, and catalysis 189
Enzyme nomenclature 191
Enzyme co-factors 192
Chemical kinetics 192
The transition state and the action of enzymes 195
The kinetics of enzyme action 197
Catalytic mechanisms 202
Enzyme structure 209
Lysozyme 209
The serine proteases 212
Triose phosphate isomerase 215
Tyrosyl tRNA synthetase 218
EcoRI restriction endonuclease 221
Enzyme inhibition and regulation 224
Irreversible inhibition of enzyme activity 227
Allosteric regulation 231
Covalent modification 237
Isoenzymes or isozymes 241
Summary 242
Problems 244
8 Protein synthesis, processing and turnover 247
Cell cycle 247
The structure of Cdk and its role in the cell cycle 250
Cdk-cyclin complex regulation 252
DNA replication 253
Transcription 254
Eukaryotic transcription factors: variation on a 'basic' theme 261
The spliceosome and its role in transcription 265
Translation 266
Transfer RNA (tRNA) 267
The composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes 269
A structural basis for protein synthesis 272
An outline of protein synthesis 273
Antibiotics provide insight into protein synthesis 278
Affinity labelling and RNA 'footprinting' 279
Structural studies of the ribosome 279
Post-translational modification of proteins 287
Protein sorting or targeting 293
The nuclear pore assembly 302
Protein turnover 303
Apoptosis 310
Summary 310
Problems 312
9 Protein expression, purification and characterization 313
The isolation and characterization of proteins 313
Recombinant DNA technology and protein expression 313
Purification of proteins 318
Centrifugation 320