This book is a physical chemistry textbook that presents the essentials of physical chemistry as a logical sequence from its most modest beginning to contemporary research topics. Many books currently on the market focus on the problem sets with a cursory treatment of the conceptual background and theoretical material, whereas this book is concerned only with the conceptual development of the subject. Comprised of 19 chapters, the book will address ideal gas laws, real gases, the thermodynamics of simple systems, thermochemistry, entropy and the second law, the Gibbs free energy, equilibrium, statistical approaches to thermodynamics, the phase rule, chemical kinetics, liquids and solids, solution chemistry, conductivity, electrochemical cells, atomic theory, wave mechanics of simple systems, molecular orbital theory, experimental determination of molecular structure, and photochemistry and the theory of chemical kinetics.
Autorentext
Donald W. Rogers is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Long Island University. He is the author of six books and received his PhD from the University of North Carolina.
Klappentext
An introduction to the fundamentals of physical chemistry for the working scientist
Physical chemistry is the key to understanding how the universe of atomic and molecular interactions impacts on such observable macroscopic phenomena as changes in temperature, pressure, heat, and volume, as well as solid, liquid, or gas phase systems. Fundamental to an understanding of materials science, the principles of physical chemistry are also essential to the work of the scientist in organic chemistry, mathematical biology, or population modeling.
Concise Physical Chemistry offers readers a clear introduction to the conceptual development of physical chemistry, in a well-paced discussion, of twenty-one chapters. It traces the modest beginnings of physical chemistry in gas laws and thermodynamics through its role in solution chemistry and such contemporary fields as electrochemical cells, computational kinetics, and photochemistry. Emphasizing theory over math, detailed coverage includes:
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Ideal gas laws, real gases, the thermodynamics of simple systems, thermochemistry, entropy and the second law, Gibbs free energy, equilibrium, statistical approaches to thermodynamics, the phase rule, liquids and solids, solution chemistry, conductivity, and electrochemical cells
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Atomic theory, wave mechanics of simple systems, molecular orbital theory, experimental determination of molecular structure, photochemistry, and the theory of chemical kinetics
A cogent introduction to the theory and basic concepts central to understanding physical chemistry, the book is a complete, one-volume resource for professionals and students alike. Offering computational physical chemical methods as well as worked examples and problems, and illustrating critical points throughout the text, Concise Physical Chemistry is an unmatched resource for mastering the subject in one's spare time or in one semester.
Zusammenfassung
This book is a physical chemistry textbook that presents the essentials of physical chemistry as a logical sequence from its most modest beginning to contemporary research topics. Many books currently on the market focus on the problem sets with a cursory treatment of the conceptual background and theoretical material, whereas this book is concerned only with the conceptual development of the subject. Comprised of 19 chapters, the book will address ideal gas laws, real gases, the thermodynamics of simple systems, thermochemistry, entropy and the second law, the Gibbs free energy, equilibrium, statistical approaches to thermodynamics, the phase rule, chemical kinetics, liquids and solids, solution chemistry, conductivity, electrochemical cells, atomic theory, wave mechanics of simple systems, molecular orbital theory, experimental determination of molecular structure, and photochemistry and the theory of chemical kinetics.
Inhalt
Chapter 1 Ideal Gas Laws.
1.1 Empirical Gas Laws.
1.2 The Mole.
1.3 Equations of State.
1.4 Dalton's Law.
1.5 The Mole Fraction.
1.6 Extensive and Intensive Variables.
1.7 Graham's Law of Effusion.
1.8 The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution.
1.9 A Digression on "Space".
1.10 The Sum-Over-States or Partition Function.
Chapter 2 Real Gases: Empirical Equations.
2.1 The van der Waals Equation.
2.2 The Virial Equation: A Parametric Curve Fit.
2.3 The Compressibility Factor.
2.4 The Critical Temperature.
2.5 Reduced Variables.
2.6 The Law of Corresponding States, Another View.
2.7 Compressibility Factors Calculated From the van der Waals Constants.
2.8 Boyle's Law Plot for an Ideal Gas (lower curve) and for Nitrogen (upper curve).
2.9 Determining the Molecular Weight of a Nonideal Gas.
Chapter 3 The Thermodynamics of Simple Systems.
3.1 Conservation Laws and Exact Differentials.
3.2 Thermodynamic Cycles.
3.3 Line Integrals in General.
3.3 Pythagorean Approximation to the Short Arc of a Curve.
3.4 Thermodynamic States and Systems.
3.5 State Functions.
3.6 Reversible Processes and Path Independence.
3.7 Heat Capacity.
3.8 Energy and Enthalpy.
3.9 The Joule and Joule-Thomson Experiments.
3.10 The Heat Capacity of an Ideal Gas.
3.11 Adiabatic Work.
Chapter 4 Thermochemistry.
4.1 Calorimetry.
4.2 Energies and Enthalpies of Formation.
4.3 Standard States.
4.4 Molecular Enthalpies of Formation.
4.5 Enthalpies of Reaction.
4.6 Group Additivity.
4.7 from Classical Mechanics.
4.8 The Schroedinger Equation.
4.9 Variation of with T.
4.10 Differential Scanning Calorimetry.
Chapter 5 Entropy and the Second Law.
5.1 Entropy.
5.2 Entropy Changes.
5.3 Spontaneous Processes.
5.4 The Third Law.
Chapter 6 The Gibbs Free Energy.
6.1 Combining Enthalpy and Entropy.
6.2 Free Energies of Formation.
6.3 Some Fundamental Thermodynamic Identities.
6.4 The Free Energy of Reaction.
6.5 Pressure Dependence of the Chemical Potential.
6.6 The Temperature dependence of the Free Energy.
Chapter 7 Equilibrium.
7.1 The Equilibrium Constant.
7.2 General Formulation.
7.3 The Extent of Reaction.
7.4 Fugacity and Activity.
7.5 Variation of the Equilibrium Constant with Temperature.
7.6 Computational Thermochemistry.
7.7 Chemical Potential: Nonideal Systems .
7.8 Free Energy and Equilibria in Biochemical Systems.
Chapter 8 A Statistical Approach to Thermodynamics.
8.1 Equilibrium.
8.2 Degeneracy and Equilibrium.
8.3 Gibbs Free Energy and the Partition Function.
8.4 Entropy and Probability.
8.5 The Thermodynamic Functions .
8.6 The Partition Function of a Simple System.
8.7 The Partition Function for Different modes of Motion.
8.8 The Equilibrium Constant: A Statistical Approach.
8.9 Computational Statistical Thermodynamics.
Chapter 9 The Phase Rule.
9.1 Components, Phases, and Degrees of Freedom.
9.2 Coexistance Curves.
9.3 The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation.
9.4 Partial Molar Volume.
9.5 The Gibbs Phase Rule.
9.6 Two Component Phase Diagrams.
9.7 Compound Phase Diagrams.
9.8 Ternary Phase Diagrams.
Chapter 10 Chemical Kinetics.
10.1 First Order Kinetic Rate Laws.
10.2 Second Order Reactions.
10.3 Othe…