This book provides a fundamental and practical introduction
to radio frequency and microwave engineering and physical aspects
of wireless communication

In this book, the author addresses a wide range of
radio-frequency and microwave topics with emphasis on physical
aspects including EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive
circuits, antennas, radio wave propagation. Up-to-date RF design
tools like RF circuit simulation, EM simulation and computerized
smith charts, are used in various examples to demonstrate how these
methods can be applied effectively in RF engineering practice.

Design rules and working examples illustrate the theoretical
parts. The examples are close to real world problems, so the reader
can directly transfer the methods within the context of their own
work. At the end of each chapter a list of problems is given in
order to deepen the reader's understanding of the chapter
material and practice the new competences. Solutions are available
on the author's website.

Key Features:

* Presents a wide range of RF topics with emphasis on physical
aspects e.g. EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive
circuits, antennas

* Uses various examples of modern RF tools that show how the
methods can be applied productively in RF engineering practice

* Incorporates various design examples using circuit and
electromagnetic (EM) simulation software

* Discusses the propagation of waves: their representation, their
effects, and their utilization in passive circuits and antenna
structures

* Provides a list of problems at the end of each chapter

* Includes an accompanying website containing solutions to the
problems (http:\\www.fh-dortmund.de\gustrau_rf_textbook)

This will be an invaluable textbook for bachelor and
masters students on electrical engineering courses
(microwave engineering, basic circuit theory and electromagnetic
fields, wireless communications). Early-stage RF practitioners,
engineers (e.g. application engineer) working in this area will
also find this book of interest.

Prof. Frank Gustrau, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Germany
Frank Gustrau has worked as an RF engineer in academia and industry. In 2003 he became professor at the University of Applied Sciences and Art in Dortmund, Germany. Throughout his career Frank has supervised students in their project work, given lectures on different RF related topics and worked extensively with EM and RF circuit simulation tools.

In this book, the author addresses a wide range of radio-frequency and microwave topics with emphasis on physical aspects including EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive circuits, antennas, radio wave propagation. Up-to-date RF design tools like RF circuit simulation, EM simulation and computerized smith charts, are used in various examples to demonstrate how these methods can be applied effectively in RF engineering practice.

Design rules and working examples illustrate the theoretical parts. The examples are close to real world problems, so the reader can directly transfer the methods within the context of their own work. At the end of each chapter a list of problems is given in order to deepen the reader's understanding of the chapter material and practice the new competences. Solutions are available on the author's website.

Key Features:

• Presents a wide range of RF topics with emphasis on physical aspects e.g. EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive circuits, antennas
• Uses various examples of modern RF tools that show how the methods can be applied productively in RF engineering practice
• Incorporates various design examples using circuit and electromagnetic (EM) simulation software
• Discusses the propagation of waves: their representation, their effects, and their utilization in passive circuits and antenna structures
• Provides a list of problems at the end of each chapter
• Includes an accompanying website containing solutions to the problems (http:\\www.fh-dortmund.de\gustrau_rf_textbook)

This will be an invaluable textbook for bachelor and masters students on electrical engineering courses (microwave engineering, basic circuit theory and electromagnetic fields, wireless communications). Early-stage RF practitioners, engineers (e.g. application engineer) working in this area will also find this book of interest.

Preface xiii

List of Abbreviations xv

List of Symbols xvii

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Radiofrequency and Microwave Applications 1

1.2 Frequency Bands 2

1.3 Physical Phenomena in the High Frequency Domain 4

1.3.1 Electrically Short Transmission Line 4

1.3.2 Transmission Line with Length Greater than One-Tenth of Wavelength 6

1.3.3 Radiation and Antennas 7

1.4 Outline of the Following Chapters 8

References 9

2 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves 11

2.1 Electric and Magnetic Fields 11

2.1.1 Electrostatic Fields 11

2.1.2 Steady Electric Current and Magnetic Fields 18

2.1.3 Differential Vector Operations 23

2.2 Maxwell's Equations 24

2.2.1 Differential Form in the Time Domain 25

2.2.2 Differential Form for Harmonic Time Dependence 26

2.2.3 Integral Form 27

2.2.4 Constitutive Relations and Material Properties 29

2.2.5 Interface Conditions 32

2.3 Classification of Electromagnetic Problems 34

2.3.1 Static Fields 34

2.3.2 Quasi-Static Fields 34

2.3.3 Coupled Electromagnetic Fields 35

2.4 Skin Effect 36

2.5 Electromagnetic Waves 39

2.5.1 Wave Equation and Plane Waves 39

2.5.2 Polarization of Waves 43

2.5.3 Reflection and Refraction 46

2.5.4 Spherical Waves 53

2.6 Summary 55

2.7 Problems 55

References 57

Further Reading 57

3 Transmission Line Theory and Transient Signals on Lines 59

3.1 Transmission Line Theory 59

3.1.1 Equivalent Circuit of a Line Segment 59

3.1.2 Telegrapher's Equation 61

3.1.3 Voltage and Current Waves on Transmission Lines 63

3.1.4 Load-Terminated Transmission Line 67

3.1.5 Input Impedance 69

3.1.6 Loss-less Transmission Lines 71

3.1.7 Low-loss Transmission Lines 74

3.1.8 Transmission Line with Different Terminations 75

3.1.9 Impedance Transformation with Loss-less Lines 83

3.1.10 Reflection Coefficient 84

3.1.11 Smith Chart 87

3.2 Transient Signals on Transmission Lines 91

3.2.1 Step Function 91

3.2.2 Rectangular Function 101

3.3 Eye Diagram 102

3.4 Summary 104

3.5 Problems 106

References 107

Further Reading 107

4 Transmission Lines and Waveguides 109

4.1 Overview 109

4.2 Coaxial Line 112

4.2.1 Specific Inductance and Characteristic Impedance 112

4.2.2 Attenuation of Low-loss Transmission Lines 115

4.2.3 Technical Frequency Range 117

4.2.4 Areas of Application 119

4.3 Microstrip Line 119

4.3.1 Characteristic Impedance and Effective Permittivity 119

4.3.2 Dispersion and Technical Frequency Range 123

4.3.3 Areas of Application 124

4.4 Stripline 124

4.4.1 Characteristic Impedance 124

4.4.2 Technical Frequency Range 125

4.5 Coplanar Line 126

4.5.1 Characteristic Impedance and Effective Permittivity 127

4.5.2 Coplanar Waveguide over Ground 128

4…