The ultimate handbook on microwave circuit design with CAD. Full of tips and insights from seasoned industry veterans, Microwave Circuit Design offers practical, proven advice on improving the design quality of microwave passive and active circuits-while cutting costs and time. Covering all levels of microwave circuit design from the elementary to the very advanced, the book systematically presents computer-aided methods for linear and nonlinear designs used in the design and manufacture of microwave amplifiers, oscillators, and mixers. Using the newest CAD tools, the book shows how to design transistor and diode circuits, and also details CAD's usefulness in microwave integrated circuit (MIC) and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology. Applications of nonlinear SPICE programs, now available for microwave CAD, are described. State-of-the-art coverage includes microwave transistors (HEMTs, MODFETs, MESFETs, HBTs, and more), high-power amplifier design, oscillator design including feedback topologies, phase noise and examples, and more. The techniques presented are illustrated with several MMIC designs, including a wideband amplifier, a low-noise amplifier, and an MMIC mixer. This unique, one-stop handbook also features a major case study of an actual anticollision radar transceiver, which is compared in detail against CAD predictions; examples of actual circuit designs with photographs of completed circuits; and tables of design formulae.

GEORGE D. VENDELIN, ENGEE, is a technical consultant with more than
forty years of microwave engineering design and teaching
experience. His clients include Texas Instruments, Anritsu, Ford
Aerospace/Loral Space & Communications/Lockheed Martin,
Litton/Filtronics, and many others through his consulting firm,
Vendelin Engineering. He is the author of Design of Amplifiers and
Oscillators by the S-Parameter Method (Wiley). He is an adjunct
professor at Stanford University, Santa Clara University, San Jose
State University, and the University of California,
Berkeley-Extension.

ANTHONY M. PAVIO, PHD, is the Manager of the Phoenix Design
Center for Rockwell Collins, which is focused on the development of
advanced high-density military products. He was previously the
manager of Integrated RF Ceramics Center for Motorola Labs,
specializing in the development of highly integrated LTCC modules.
Dr. Pavio was also a technical director of the microwave products
division of Texas Instruments.

ULRICH L. ROHDE, PHD, Dr.-ING, is Chairman of Synergy Microwave
Corporation; a partner of Rohde & Schwarz, a firm specializing
in test equipment and advanced communications systems; and
Professor of Microwave and RF Technology at the Technische
Universität Cottbus, Germany.

Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques, Second Edition offers a thorough revision of this successful book on microwave circuit design. The updates represent a shift in interest over a decade since the first edition was published, away from applications for military modules and towards high-volume, commercial wireless applications. Taking a practical approach, the authors emphasize commercial applications in telecommunications and provide a multitude of real-world examples.

All chapters from the first edition have been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the most sophisticated modern technology and the latest applications, including computer-aided methods for linear and nonlinear designs used in the production of microwave amplifiers, oscillators, and mixers. All aspects of transistors are covered, from their intrinsic properties to circuit design techniques for maximizing their performance in communications and radar systems. Readers familiar with the previous edition will note several new and important additions, including:

• Software tools for the design of microwave circuits. Student versions of the relevant software can be downloaded free of charge from Ansoft Corporation at http://ansoft.com/ansoftdesignersv
• A separate chapter on two-port networks and their characteristics
• Four new chapters on RF/microwave systems, lumped and distributed elements, microwave filters, and RF switches and attenuators
• An expanded oscillator chapter with new coverage of BiCMOS and SiGe HBT oscillators

The three authors of this publication, all IEEE Fellows, have many decades of hands-on experience and are all recognized as industry leaders. In addition, the authors have enlisted contributions from several noted experts from industry and academia. Complementing the top-notch design techniques, special features are provided in each chapter to assist readers in their research efforts:

• References and bibliographies that provide further avenues of investigation into specific topics
• Problem sets that test readers' understanding of key concepts and design techniques

This is an essential reference for all designers and researchers who need to know how to apply the latest techniques in microwave integrated circuit design. Distinguished by its comprehensive coverage and clear presentation, Microwave Circuit Design Using Linear and Nonlinear Techniques, Second Edition is the premier reference tool for today's and tomorrow's electrical engineers.

FOREWORD xv
ROBERT A. PUCEL

PREFACE xix

1 RF MICROWAVE SYSTEMS 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Maxwell's Equations 10

1.3 RF Wireless Microwave Millimeter-Wave Applications 12

1.4 Frequency Bands, Modes, and Waveforms of Operation 17

1.5 Analog and Digital Requirements 18

1.6 Elementary Definitions 20

1.7 Basic RF Transmitters and Receivers 26

1.8 Modern CAD for Nonlinear Circuit Analysis 29

1.9 Dynamic Load Line 30

References 31

Bibliography 32

Problems 33

2 LUMPED AND DISTRIBUTED ELEMENTS 35

2.1 Introduction 35

2.2 Transition from RF to Microwave Circuits 35

2.3 Parasitic Effects on Lumped Elements 38

2.4 Distributed Elements 45

2.5 Hybrid Element: Helical Coil 46

References 47

Bibliography 49

Problems 50

3 ACTIVE DEVICES 51

3.1 Introduction 51

3.2 Diodes 53

3.3 Microwave Transistors 103

3.4 Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor 144

3.5 Microwave FET 150

References 183

Bibliography 187

Problems 190

4 TWO-PORT NETWORKS 192

4.1 Introduction 192

4.2 Two-Port Parameters 193

4.3 S Parameters 197

4.4 S Parameters from SPICE Analysis 198

4.5 Stability 199

4.6 Power Gains, Voltage Gain, and Current Gain 202

4.7 Three-Ports 210

4.8 Derivation of Transducer Power Gain 213

4.9 Differential S Parameters 215

4.10 Twisted-Wire Pair Lines 218

4.11 Low-Noise and High-Power Amplifier Design 221

4.12 Low-Noise Amplifier Design Examples 224

References 233

Bibliography 234

Problems 234

5 IMPEDANCE MATCHING 241

5.1 Introduction 241

5.2 Smith Charts and Matching 241

5.3 Impedance Matching Networks 249

5.4 Single-Element Matching 250

5.5 Two-Element Matching 251

5.6 Matching Networks Using Lumped Elements 252

5.7 Matching Networks Using Distributed Elements 253

5.8 Bandwidth Constraints for Matching Networks 257

References 267

Bibliography 268

Problems 268

6 MICROWAVE FILTERS 273

6.1 Introduction 273

6.2 Low-Pass Prototype Filter Design 274

6.3 Transformations 279

6.4 Transmission Line Filters 291

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