Health and Behavior: A Multidisciplinary Approach recognizes that health is impacted by multiple systems-ranging from the individual to the international. While providing current information in common areas addressed in health psychology such as stress, chronic pain, cigarette smoking and sleep disorders, the book examines cross-cultural dimensions in wellness and health care as well as health communication ranging from clinician and patient to the social marketing models used in public health. The book departs from traditional health psychology and health behavior textbook with its attention to public policy and international dimensions of health care. Topics include an international comparison of health care systems, a history of health care funding in the United States including the Affordable Care Act, the role of Federal Social Security Disability policy in chronic pain management, international medical tourism, and health care disparities in the United States. Each chapter begins with a "conversation" with the author relating the topic to real world problems as well as the student's life experience.
Autorentext
H. Russell Searight is currently Professor of Psychology at Lake Superior State University in Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan. He received his PhD in Clinical Psychology from Saint Louis University and later received a Master's in Public Health from the Saint Louis University School of Public Health. Dr. Searight was involved in medical education for eighteen years as a faculty member in a family medicine residency as well as at Saint Louis University School of Medicine. He has published widely in the areas of medical ethics; primary care medicine, and cross-cultural issues in health care.
Inhalt
Preface: A Personal Introduction
Chapter 1. Introduction to Health and Behavior: A Systems Perspective
Illness versus Disease
The Concept of Diathesis
Diathesis-Stress Models Explain Interaction Between Biological and Psychological Predispositions and the Emergence of Illness
Health and Illness Occur in Complex Systems
Von Bertalanffy's Systems Perspective
Brofenbrenner's Ecosystems
The Biopsychosocial Model
Examples of Health and Illness and Levels of Complex Systems
Individual Level
DNA
Communication Between Organ Systems: The Brain-Gut Connection
Psychopathology and Health: The Rise and Fall of Psychosomatic Medicine
Interpersonal Systems: Couples and Families
The MesoSystem-Cultural Values and Religion
Macrosystems
Communities
Changes in National Politics and Economics
Beyond Macrosystems: Our Flat World-International Borders Dissolve
Putting It Together: Ms. Ramirez
Summary and the Way Forward
Chapter 2. Research in Health and Behavior: Epidemiology and Beyond
Epidemiology: An Overview
Food-Borne Illness: Two Examples
Example: Sexually Transmitted Disease
Epidemiology: Key Concepts and Terminology
Risk Factors and the Diathesis-Stress Model
Practical vs. Statistical Significance: Prevalance, Base Rates, and Health Screening Tests
Neurocognitive Disorders of Alzheimer's Type
Screening for Breast Cancer
HIV Self-Testing
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Epidemiology: Types of Investigatory Designs
Case Reports
Cross-Sectional Studies
Case-Control Studies
The "Radium Girls"
Thalidomide
Mesothelioma and Asbestos
Cohort Study
The Framingham Heart Study
Cancer and Nutrition: The EPIC Cohort
Qualitative Research
Social Epidemiology
Causality and the Bradford Hill Criteria
Evidence-Based Health Care
Organizing Published Research to Guide Clinical Decision-Making
Issues and Cautions in Applying EBM Findings
Evidence-Based Interventions in Larger Systems
Conclusion
Chapter 3. The Health Care System: History and Current Dilemmas
A History of Medical Care
Hippocrates and Galen
Medieval Period Through the Late 1600s
Hospital Medicine
Vaccines
Germ Theory and the Continued Development of Vaccines
Surgery Becomes Safer
Educating Physicians
The Development of Medicine as a Profession
The Growth of Scientific Medicine
Imaging Techniques
Medical Devices to Supplant Physiological Functions
Organ Transplantation
Medications
The Consumer Movement and Challenges to the Health Care Professions
Health Insurance and Health Care
Federal Health Insurance: Medicare and Medicaid
Medicare
Medicaid
S-CHIP
The Uninsured
The Emergency Treatment and Active Labor Act
Health Care Reform: The Background of the Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act
Problems with the Affordable Care Act
The U.S. Health Care System: International Comparisons
Switzerland
Great Britain
Canada
International Health Care: Differences in Underlying Values
Conclusion
Chapter 4. Diversity and Disparities in Health and Medical Care
Disparities: An Overview
Economic Disparity
Educational Disparities and Health
Gender
Gender in Developed Countries
Gender in Developing Countries
Sexual Orientation
Mental Health
Interactions with the Health Care System
Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Youth and Adults
Disparities by Race/Ethnicity: The Evidence
Pregnancy and Infancy
Childhood Health Conditions
Medical Conditions Disproportionately Impacting Minorities
Differences in Health Conditions Among Adults
Discrimination Towards African-American Patients
Risk Factors and Disease Complications
Patterns and Quality of Care
Physician-Patient Interaction
Mortality
Linguistic Diversity
The Role of Cultural and Historical Factors in Health, Illness, and Treatment
American Medicine as Culture
A Brief History of Health Care for African-Americans in the United States
Hispanic and Latino Culture and Health Care
Asian Culture: Views of Health and Treatment of Illness
Conclusion
Chapter 5. Health Communication and Behavior Change
Brief Overview of Health Communication and Behavior Change
Health Beliefs Model
Susceptibility
Severity
Benefits
Barriers
Cues to Action
Self-Efficacy
Analysis of the Health Beliefs Model
Does Fear Change Health Behavior?
Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior
Behavioral Intention
Attitudes
Subjective Norms
Perceived Control
Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior: Analysis and Research
Social Cognitive Model
Example of Applied Modeling: Telenovelas
Social Marketing
Diffusion of Innovation
Individually Focused Models of Behavior Change
Transtheoretical Model
Relapse Prevention
Relapse Risk Factors
Abstinence Violation Effect
Problems with the Abstinence Standard
Relapse Prevention Strategies
Motivational Interviewing
Philosophy of Motivational Interviewing
Motivational Interviewing: Specific Skills
Harm Reduction
Cyber Media and Health Behavior Change
Conclusion
Chapter 6. In the Clinic: Communication, Adherence, and Symptoms without Disease
What is Primary Care ?
The Importance of the Clinical Interview
Overview of the Medical Office Encounter
The Difference between Good- and Poor-Quality Physician-Patient Interaction
Electronic Medical Records: Benefits and Drawbacks
Values of Patients and Health Care Providers
Communicating Medical Mistakes
Medically Unexplained Symptoms
The Psychiatric Approach to Medically Unexplained Symptoms
Malingering
Factitious Disorder
Conversion Disorder
Illness Anxiety Disorder
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Medically Unexplained Symptoms in the Primary Care Office
Cultural Issues
The Medicalization of Society
Adherence
An Overview of the Problem of Non-Adherence
Patient Factors
Health Care Professionals' Communication Style and Patient Adherence
Physician S…