Focusing primarily on Swedish, a Germanic language whose particles have not previously been studied extensively, this study develops a theory of non-projecting words in which particles are morphologically independent words that do not project phrases. It identifies the violations of the basic tenets of X-bar theory and develops a formally explicit revision of X-bar theory that can accommodate the requisite "weak" projections.

Preface. Acknowledgements. Chapter 1. Introduction. Chapter 2. Empirical Motivation. Chapter 3. Phrase Structure. Chapter 4. Verbal Particles in the Swedish VP. Chapter 5. The Meaning of Swedish Particles. Chapter 6. Other Germanic Languages. Chapter 7. Conclusion. Appendix A. Economy of Expression. References. Index of Names. Index of Subjects.