James L. Brauer is emeritus professor and former dean of chapel at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis. Previously, he served as a professor of music, training educators and church musicians, then was executive director for the commission on worship of The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, helping others create Spanish language and African American worship resources. He is the author of Meaningful Worship and of Worship, Gottesdienst, Cultus Dei: What the Lutheran Confessions Say about Worship.