This book covers channel coding and modulation technologies in DTTB systems from the general concepts to the detailed analysis and implementation.

• Covers the Chinese DTTB standard which was announced recently and hasn't been covered in detail
• Introduces the SFN network using the successful implementation of DTMB in Hong Kong as an example
• Introduces the latest announced systems including the ATSC M/H and DVB-NGH

Jian Song is a Professor and Director of DTV Technology R&D Center at Tsinghua University (China). He is the associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, an administrative committee member of Broadcast Technology Society, and the vice chair of Working Party 6A of International Telecommunication Union. Dr. Song leads the efforts of promoting Chinese DTMB standard worldwide.

Zhixing Yang is a Professor at Tsinghua University (China) and Deputy Director of the State Key Laboratory on Microwave and Digital Communications. Professor Yang led the research and development efforts for Chinese DTMB Standard.

Jun Wang is an Associate Professor at Tsinghua University (China), and is actively involved in the technical activities for Chinese DTMB Standard as the standard drafting committee member selected by the Standardization Administration of China.

Preface xiii

1 Basic Concepts of Digital Terrestrial Television Transmission System 1

1.1 Introduction and Historic Review 1

1.1.1 Birth and Development of Television Black-and-White TV Era 1

1.1.2 Analog Color TV Era 2

1.1.3 Digital TV Era 3

1.2 Major International and Regional DTV Organizations 7

1.2.1 International DTV Broadcasting Standards 7

1.2.2 Related International and Regional Organizations 9

1.3 Composition of DTV System 11

1.3.1 Constitution of DTV System 11

1.3.2 Functional Layers of DTV 14

1.4 Compression Layer and Multiplexing Layer 19

1.4.1 Image Format 19

1.4.2 Compression Modes for DTV Signal 19

1.4.3 MPEG-2 for Video Compression 20

1.4.4 Intraframe Coding 21

1.4.5 Interframe Coding Method 23

1.4.6 Audio Compression 24

1.4.7 MPEG-2 Coding 25

1.4.8 MPEG-2 Multiplexing 26

1.4.9 Transport Stream 26

1.5 Current Deployment of DTTB Systems 29

1.5.1 Developments of ATSC DVB-T and ISDB-T 30

1.5.2 Development and Deployment of DTMB System 33

1.5.3 Network Convergence with DTTB Systems 35

1.6 Summary 37

References 37

2 Channel Characteristics of Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Systems 39

2.1 Introduction 39

2.2 Mathematical Models of Wireless Radio Channel 42

2.2.1 Statistical Model of Channel Impulse Response 42

2.2.2 Channel Impulse Response with Deterministic Parameters 44

2.3 Property of Wireless Fading Channel Parameters 46

2.3.1 Multipath Delay Spread and Frequency-Selective Fading 46

2.3.2 Doppler Shift and Time-Selective Fading 50

2.3.3 Time- and Frequency-Selective Fading of Wireless Radio Channel 54

2.4 Commonly Used Statistical Models for Fading Channel 55

2.4.1 Rayleigh Fading Model 55

2.4.2 Ricean Fading Model 56

2.5 DTTB Channel Model 58

2.5.1 Typical DTTB Channel Model 58

2.5.2 Single-Frequency Network of Channel Model for DTTB Systems 63

2.6 Summary 67

References 68

3 Channel Coding for DTTB System 69

3.1 Channel Capacity and Shannon's Channel Coding Theorem 69

3.2 Error Control and Classification of Channel Coding 73

3.3 Linear Block Code 75

3.3.1 Basic Concept of Linear Block Code 75

3.3.2 BCH Code 78

3.3.3 ReedSolomon Code 79

3.4 Convolutional Codes 80

3.4.1 Construction and Description of Convolutional Codes 81

3.4.2 Distance Property and Decoding of Convolutional Codes 84

3.5 Interleaving 87

3.5.1 Block Interleaving 87

3.5.2 Convolutional Interleaving 88

3.6 Concatenation Codes 89

3.7 Parallel Codes 92

3.7.1 Product Codes 92

3.7.2 Turbo Codes and Iterative Decoding 94

3.8 Trellis Coding and Modulation 100

3.8.1 Mapping by Set Partition of TCM Codes 100

3.8.2 Code Construction and Basic Principles of TCM Codes 101

3.9 Low-Density Parity-Check Code 103

3.9.1 Basic Concept of LDPC Codes 104

3.9.2 Decoding Algorithms of LDPC Codes 106

3.10 Channel Coding Adopted by Different DTV Broadcasting Standards 108

3.11 Summary 110

References 110

4 Modulation Technologies for DTTB System 113

4.1 Introduction 113

4.2 Digital Modulation 114

4.2.1 Signal Space and Its Representation 114

4.2.2 Typical Digital Modulations 117

4.2.3 The Power Spectrum of Modulated Signal 124

4.2.4 Demodulation and Performance Evaluation 129

4.2.5 Variations of Digital Modulations 137

4.3 Bit-Interleaved Code...