As Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have developed and their applications have been extended, the issue of uncertainty has become increasingly recognized. It is highlighted by the need to demystify the inherently complex geographical world to facilitate computerization in GIS, by the inaccuracies that emerge from man-machine interactions in dat

Jingxiong Zhang, Michael F. Goodchild

Preface. Geographical Information and Uncertainty. Geographical Perspectives. Geographical Measurement and Data. Exploring Geographical Uncertainty. Uncertainty in Continuous Variables. Uncertainty in Categorical Variables. Uncertainty in Objects. Uncertainty-Informed Geographics. References. Index.