Highly Commended at the British Medical Association Book Awards 2016Clinical Communication in Medicine brings together the theories, models and evidence that underpin effective healthcare communication in one accessible volume. Endorsed and developed by members of the UK Council of Clinical Communication in Undergraduate Medical Education, it traces the subject to its primary disciplinary origins, looking at how it is practised, taught and learned today, as well as considering future directions.Focusing on three key areas the doctor-patient relationship, core components of clinical communication, and effective teaching and assessment Clinical Communication in Medicine enhances the understanding of effective communication. It links theory to teaching, so principles and practice are clearly understood.Clinical Communication in Medicine is a new and definitive guide for professionals involved in the education of medical undergraduate students and postgraduate trainees, as well as experienced and junior clinicians, researchers, teachers, students, and policy makers.

Dr Jo Brown, Reader in Medical Education, Academic Director of the Student Experience, Head of Clinical Communication, National Teaching Fellow, St George's, University of London.

Dr Lorraine M Noble, Senior Lecturer in Clinical Communication, UCL Medical School, UCL, London, UK.

Dr Alexia Papageorgiou, Associate Professor in Clinical Communication, St George's, University of London medical programme, delivered in Cyprus by the University of Nicosia Medical School.

Dr Jane Kidd, Undergraduate Quality Manager, Education Training and Research, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust; External tutor, Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's University of London.

Highly Commended at the British Medical Association Book Awards 2016

Clinical Communication in Medicine brings together the theories, models and evidence that underpin effective healthcare communication in one accessible volume. Endorsed and developed by members of the UK Council of Clinical Communication in Undergraduate Medical Education, it traces the subject to its primary disciplinary origins, looking at how it is practised, taught and learned today, as well as considering future directions.

Focusing on three key areas the doctor-patient relationship, core components of clinical communication, and effective teaching and assessment Clinical Communication in Medicine enhances the understanding of effective communication. It links theory to teaching, so principles and practice are clearly understood.

Clinical Communication in Medicine is a new and definitive guide for professionals involved in the education of medical undergraduate students and postgraduate trainees, as well as experienced and junior clinicians, researchers, teachers, students, and policy makers.

Contributors viii

Foreword xi

1 Introduction 1 Jane Kidd

Part 1: The doctor-patient relationship Section lead editor: Lorraine M. Noble

2 Introduction to the Doctor-Patient Relationship 5 Lorraine M. Noble

3 History of the Doctor-Patient Relationship 6 Annie Cushing

4 Models of the Doctor-Patient Consultation 21 Alexia Papageorgiou

5 What Is Effective Doctor-Patient Communication? Review of the Evidence 30 Gregory Makoul and Sandra van Dulmen

6 Patient-Centredness 40 Rosie Illingworth

7 The Impact of Training 49 John Skelton

8 The Future of the Doctor-Patient Relationship 57 Lorraine M. Noble

Part 2: Components of Communication Section lead editor: Alexia Papageorgiou

Part 2A: Core Tasks in Clinical Communication

9 Overview of Core Tasks in Clinical Communication 69 Jonathan Silverman

10 Relationship Building 72 Jonathan Silverman

11 Information Gathering and Clinical Reasoning 76 Jonathan Silverman

12 Information Sharing and Shared Decision Making 81 Jonathan Silverman Copyrighted Material

13 Communicating about Risk and Uncertainty 87 Katherine Joekes

14 Responding to Emotions 91 Theano V. Kalavana

15 Breaking Bad News 98 Rob Lane

16 Facilitating Behaviour Change through Motivational Interviewing 104 Eva Doherty

17 Responding to Medical Error and Complaints 108 Lucy Ambrose and Lindsey Pope

Part 2B: Diversity Issues in Clinical Communication and Cultural Diversity

18 Overview of Diversity Issues in Clinical Communication 117 Costas S. Constantinou

19 Diversity Issues in Clinical Communication 119 Margot Turner and Nisha Dogra

20 The Family Consultation 127 Xavier Coll

21 Consulting with Children and Young People 131 Xavier Coll

22 The Older Patient 138 Andrew Tarbuck

23 End of Life Issues 147 Vinnie Nambisan and Jennifer Balls

24 Mental Health Matters 151 Jonathan Wilson

Part 2C: Interprofessional Communication

25 Interprofessional Communication and Its Challenges 159 Susanne Lindqvist

Part 3: Learning Teaching and Assessment Section lead editor: Jo Brown

26 Introduction to Learning Teaching and Assessment 171 Jo Brown

27 The History of Clinical Communication Teaching 172 Victoria Bates Jonathan Reinarz and Connie Wiskin

Part 3A: Models of Learning

28 Behaviourism as a Way of Learning 181 Jo Brown

29 Situated and Work-Based Learning 186 Jo Brown

30 Experiential Learning 193 Jan van Dalen

31 Transformative Learning and High-Fidelity Simulation 200 Wesley Scott-Smith

32 Reflective Practice 206 Sally Quilligan

33 Models of Feedback 211 Catherine J. Williamson Jill Dales and John Spencer

Part 3B: The Assessment of Communication

34 Introduction to Assessment in Communication 221 Jane Kidd

35 Assessing Performance 233 Connie Wiskin and Janet Lefroy

36 Workplace-Based Assessment 241 Jane Kidd and Janet Lefroy

Part 4: Afterword

37 Afterword 251 Jo Brown Lorraine M. Noble Alexia Papageorgiou and Jane Kidd

Index 252