Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation covers the theory and experimental application of plasma scattering. The book discusses the basic properties of a plasma and of the interaction of radiation with a plasma; the relationship between the scattered power spectrum and the fluctuations in plasma density; and the incoherent scattering of low-temperature plasma. The text also describes the constraints and problems that arise in the application of scattering as a diagnostic technique; the characteristic performance of various dispersion elements, image dissectors, and detectors; and the general scattered spectrum for an unmagnetized, low-temperature, quasi-equilibrium plasma. The application of the general scattered spectrum for a magnetized plasma; the scattering from a high-temperature plasma; and the scattering from unstable plasmas are also encompassed. Plasma physicists and people involved in the study of electromagnetic radiation will find the book invaluable.
Autorentext
John Sheffield PhD is known worldwide because of his involvement in numerous multi-national fusion energy projects for the U.S. and Europe. In the 1970s, he was on the design team for the 16-nation, Joint European Torus project at Culham in England; in the 1990s, he served as a U.S. representative on committees that defined and then gave technical advice to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)-China, Europe, India, Japan, Korea, Russia, and the United States.
He served on the US-DOE's Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee for over a decade, chairing it from 1996 to 2000. From 1988 to 1994, he was director of Fusion Energy at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. From 1995 to 2003, he was director for Energy Technology Programs at ORNL, and from 1997 also director of the Joint Institute for Energy and Environment at the University of Tennessee. There he remains as a Senior Fellow in what is now called the Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment.
Inhalt
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Plasmas
1.3 Systems of Units
1.4 Characteristic Lengths and Times in a Plasma
1.5 Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation by a Plasma
1.6 Radiation by a Moving Charge
1.7 Acceleration of a Charge by an Electromagnetic Wave
1.8 General Restrictions Applied to Calculations in This Book
Chapter 2 Scattered Power Spectrum
2.1 Spectral Density Function S(k, )
2.2 Kinetic Equations for a Plasma
2.3 S(k, ) for a Low-Temperature Plasma
2.4 S(k, ) for a High-Temperature Plasma
2.5 S(k, ) Fourier-Laplace Transforms and Collisions
Chapter 3 Incoherent Scattering-Low-Temperature Plasma
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Scattering from a Single Electron
3.3 Incoherent Scattering from a Plasma (No Magnetic Field)
3.4 Incoherent Scattering from a Plasma in Thermodynamic Equilibrium
3.5 Incoherent Scattering from a Magnetized Plasma
3.6 Comments on the Scattered Spectrum
3.7 Measurement of the Direction of the Magnetic Field in a Plasma
Chapter 4 Constraints on Scattering Experiments
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Choice of a Source ( i i)
4.3 Choice of a Scattering Angle ( , )
4.4 Signal-To-Noise Ratio (S/N)
4.5 Ratio of Scattered Power to Bremsstrahlung Radiation Power
4.6 Effect of the Incident Beam on the Plasma
Chapter 5 Optical Systems
5.1 Introduction
5.2 General Properties of Spectrometers: Instrument Function
5.3 Diffraction Grating Spectrometer: Theory
5.4 Reflection Grating Spectrometer: Image Dissectors, Application
5.5 Fabry-Perot Etalon: Theory
5.6 Fabry-Perot Etalon Spectrometer: Image Dissectors, Application
5.7 Miscellaneous
5.8 Detectors
5.9 Examples
Chapter 6 Scattered Spectrum for a Low-Temperature Plasma-Theory
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Derivation of nc(k, ) for B = 0, v = 0
6.3 The Spectral Density Function S(k, ) for a Collisionless Plasma
6.4 Comments on the Effects of Various Initial Conditions
6.5 S(k, ) for a Collisional Plasma, B = 0
6.6 S(k, ) from the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem
Chapter 7 Scattering from a Low-Temperature Stable Plasma, B = 0: Experiment
7.1 Introduction
7.2 S{k, ), Maxwellian Distribution Functions
7.3 S(k, ), Te/Ti 1, the Salpeter Approximation
7.4 Electron Plasma Frequency Resonances
7.5 Ion Acoustic Resonance
7.6 Relative Drift of Electrons and Ions
7.7 Incoherent Spectrum for Collisional Plasma
7.8 Total Cross Section ST(k)
Chapter 8 Scattering from a Magnetized Plasma
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Calculation of the Spectral Density Function S(k, )
8.3 S(k, ), Maxwellian Distribution Functions
8.4 Collisional Magnetized Plasma
8.5 Transverse Modes
8.6 General Features of the Magnetized Spectrum
8.7 Total Cross Section, ST(k)
8.8 High-Frequency Spectrum
8.9 Low-Frequency Spectrum
Chapter 9 Scattering from a High-Temperature Plasma
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Finite Transit Time Effect
9.3 S(k, ) for High-Temperature Plasma, B = 0
9.4 Incoherent Spectrum B = 0
9.5 Scattering Geometry and Finite Transit Time Effect for a Magnetized Plasma
9.6 S(k, ) High-Temperature Magnetized Plasma
Chapter 10 Scattering from Unstable Plasmas
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Microscopic Instability Theory
10.3 Scattering from a Marginally Stable Plasma
10.4 Scattering from a Weakly Unstable Plasma
10.5 Scattering from Microturbulence in Shock Fronts
Appendix 1 Mathematical Methods
A1.1 Complex Variables and Integrals in the Complex Plane
A1.2 Fourier Transforms
A1.3 Laplace Transforms
A1.4 Stability of Longitudinal Plasma Oscillations
A1.5 Total Cross Section for a Stable Plasma
Appendix 2 Kinetic Theory of a Plasma
A2.1 Introduction
A2.2 Characteristic Lengths and Times in a Plasma
A2.3 The Boltzmann Equation
A2.4 Comments on the Collision Term
A2.5 Kinetic Description of Scattering from a Plasma
A2.6 The BBGKY Hierarchy
A2.7 The Klimontovich Hierarchy
A2.8 Stable, Homogeneous, Quasi-Stationary Plasmas
Appendix 3 Review of Work on the Scattering of Radiation from Plasmas
A3.1 Introduction
A3.2 Scattering from the Ionosphere
A3.3 Scattering from Laboratory Plasmas with i L and i pe
A3.4 Scattering from a Plasma Close to Equilibrium, B = 0, v = 0, i << L, i >> pe
A3.5 Scattering from a Magnetized Plasma Close to Equilibrium
A3.6 Collisional Effects
A3.7 High-Temperature and Relativistic Effects
A3.8 Total Scattering Cross Section
A3.9 Unstable and Turbulent Plasma
A3.10 Absorption of the Incident Beam and Two-Beam Scattering
Appendix 4 Physical Constants and Formulas
Physical Constants
Conversion Factors
Formulas
Symbols
Scattering Formulas
Units
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