The history of mining is replete with controversy of which much is related to environmental damage and consequent community outrage. Over recent decades, this has led to increased pressure to improve the environmental and social performance of mining operations, particularly in developing countries. The industry has responded by embracing the ideals of sustainability and corporate social responsibility.

Mining and the Environment identifies and discusses the wide range of social and environmental issues pertaining to mining, with particular reference to mining in developing countries, from where many of the project examples and case studies have been selected. Following an introductory overview of pressing issues, the book illustrates how environmental and social impact assessment, such as defined in "The Equator Principles", integrates with the mining lifecycle and how environmental and social management aims to eliminate the negative and accentuate the positive mining impacts. Practical approaches are provided for managing issues ranging from land acquisition and resettlement of Indigenous peoples, to the technical aspects of acid rock drainage and mine waste management. Moreover, thorough analyses of ways and means of sharing non-transitory mining benefits with host communities are presented to allow mining to provide sustainable benefits for the affected communities. This second edition of Mining and the Environment includes new chapters on Health Impact Assessment, Biodiversity and Gender Issues, all of which have become more important since the first edition appeared a decade ago.

The wide coverage of issues and the many real-life case studies make this practice-oriented book a reference and key reading. It is intended for environmental consultants, engineers, regulators and operators in the field and for students to use as a course textbook. As much of the matter applies to the extractive industries as a whole, it will also serve environmental professionals in the oil and gas industries.

Karlheinz Spitz and John Trudinger both have multiple years of experience in the assessment of mining projects around the world. The combination of their expertise and knowledge about social, economic, and environmental performance of mining and mine waste management has resulted in this in-depth coverage of the requirements for responsible and sustainable mining.

Dr. Karlheinz Spitz is an environmental consultant with more than 20 years professional experience in Canada, Europe, Asia, and Australia. His main interest is the environmental assessment of large resource development projects in developing countries. He worked on many mines in South East Asia, covering a wide range of minerals and a diverse spectrum of environmental and social settings. Dr. Spitz understands mining as a sustainable economic activity; his focus is on the social, economic and environmental performance of mining. Dr. Spitz provides high level advice to Equator Principles Financial Institutions, and he is regular guest lecturer at various universities.

John Trudinger is an environmental consultant with more than 40 years of professional experience. Initially qualified as a geologist, his initial experience was on geotechnical investigations for large infrastructure projects. In the early 1970's he became involved in the emerging environmental business, and has since contributed as team member or team leader on environmental assessments for more than 100 resource development and infrastructure projects. He has worked throughout Australia, Asia and North America. His particular interest is the management of mine wastes in the mountainous wet tropics.

1 Minerals, Wealth, and Progress 1.1 History of Mining 1.2 The Path of Minerals from Cradle to Grave 1.3 Ore-A Natural Resource Curse or Blessing? 1.4 What Makes the Mining Industry Different? 1.5 The Unique Risk Profile of Mining 1.6 Meeting Environmental Issues Head On 1.7 Environmental Assessment Practice-Eliminate the Negative, Accentuate the Positive 1.8 The Equator Principles-Improved Practices for Better Outcomes 1.9 Mining and Sustainability References

2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Protection Before Exploitation 2.1 Responsibilities of Mining Companies During Environmental Assessment 2.2 Environmental Assessment In The Mining Cycle 2.3 Managing Environmental Assessment 2.4 Common Themes And Core Principles 2.5 When is an ESIA Required? 2.6 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Step-by-Step 2.7 Documenting the Findings 2.8 Obtaining ESIA Approval 2.9 The Costs of Delay 2.10 What Environmental Assessment is Not Appendix 2.1 Data Needs References

3 Health Impact Assessment 3.1 Health and its Determinants 3.2 What is a Health Impact Assessment? 3.3 Screening 3.4 Scoping 3.5 Community and Stakeholder Engagement 3.6 Community Health Baseline Survey 3.7 Assessment 3.8 Management 3.9 Monitoring References

4 Involving the Public Forging Partnerships and Trust 4.1 Historical Perspective 4.2 Planning Stakeholder Involvement 4.3 Getting to Know Your Stakeholders 4.4 How to Identify Stakeholders? 4.5 Engaging Stakeholders 4.6 Conflict Identification and Management 4.7 Understanding the Benefits and Risks of Public Involvement 4.8 Common Mistakes References

5 The Anatomy of a Mine 5.1 It All Begins in the Earth 5.2 Exploration-From Reviewing Data to Taking Bulk Samples 5.3 Feasibility-Is It Worth Mining? 5.4 Engineering, Procurement, and Construction 5.5 Mining 5.6 Ore Dressing and Thickening 5.7 Ancillary Facilities 5.8 Design for Closure References

6 Mining Methods Vary Widely From Excavation to In-situ Leaching 6.1 The Three Main Categories of Commerical Minerals 6.2 Mining Methods 6.3 Artisanal Mining-Mining Outside Established Law

6 Converting Minerals to Metals From Ore to Finished Product 7.1 Pyrometallurgical Mineral Processing-The Use of Fire 7.2 Hydrometallurgical Mineral Processing-Dissolving Metals Away from Gangue 7.3 Common Techniques To Estimate Emissions Appendix 7.1 Products of Mining, Their Sources and Processing Requirements Appendix 7.2 Mineral Processes and Their Impacts References

8 Our Environment A Set of Natural and Man-made Features 8.1 The Atmosphere-Air, Weather, and Climate 8.2 The Lithosphere-Geology, Landform, and Earth Resources 8.3 The Hydrosphere-Storage and Movement of Water 8.4 The Biosphere-Life on Earth 8.5 The Social Sphere-Social and Cultural Fabric of Society 8.6 The Economic Sphere-Production, Distribution, and Consumption of Goods and Services 8.7 Judging the State and Value of the Environment 8.8 What are Nature's Economic Values? 8.9 International Law Pertaining to Natural and Environmental Resources References

9 The Baseline Understanding the Host Environment 9.1 The Use of Indicators 9.2 Environmental Scoping 9.3 Conducting Baseline Surveys-Ways and Means 9.4 Converting Data to Information 9.5 The Use of Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographic Information Systems References

10 Identifying and Evaluating Impacts Linking Cause and Effect 10.1 Defining the Challenges 10.2 Deciding on A Direction 10.3 Deciding on the Methodology 10.4 Linking Cause and Effect 10.5 Identifying Project Impacts 10.6 Evaluating Project Impacts 10.7 Cultural Heritage Sites and Mine Development 10.8 The Special Nature of Community Impacts 10.9 Environmental Justice 10.10 Group Decision-Making in Environmental Assessment 10.11 Reflecting on the Objective Nature of Environmental Assessment 10.12 Dealing with Uncertainties and Risks References

11 Cumulative and Transboundary Impact Assessment 11.1 Definitions 11.2 Coal Mining in Central Kalimantan 11.3 Area of Influence 11.4 Valued Ecosystem Components in Area of…