Step-by-step beginner's guide to Visual C# 2012

Written for novice programmers who want to learn programming
with C# and the .NET framework, this book offers programming basics
such as variables, flow control, and object oriented programming.
It then moves into web and Windows programming and data access
(databases and XML). The authors focus on the tool that beginners
use most often to program C#, the Visual C# 2012 development
environment in Visual Studio 2012.

* Puts the spotlight on key beginning level topics with
easy-to-follow instructions for Microsoft Visual C# 2012

* Explores how to program for variables, expressions, flow
control, and functions

* Explains the debugging process and error handling as well as
object oriented programming, and much more

Beginning Microsoft Visual C# 2012
Programming offers beginners a guide to writing effective
programming code following simple step-by-step methods, each
followed by the opportunity to try out newly acquired skills.

Karli Watson is an author and IT contractor in London.

Jacob Vibe Hammer is a software architect and developer at Kamstrup A/S, Denmark. He has coauthored several books.

Jon D. Reid is the director of systems engineering at Indigo Biosystems, Inc.

Morgan Skinner joined Microsoft in 2001.

Daniel Kemper is a software engineer specializing in reporting and rich client technologies.

Christian Nagel is a Microsoft Regional Director and Microsoft MVP, an associate of thinktecture, and founder of CN innovation.

Wrox Beginning guides are crafted to make learning programming languages and technologies easier than you think, providing a structured, tutorial format that will guide you through all the techniques involved.

Step-by-step instructions to programming with C# 2012

Written with novice programmers in mind, this introductory guide is all you need to get started programming with C# 2012 and the .NET Framework. The unparalleled team of authors draws on their years of experience working with C# and the .NET Framework to provide you with a helpful overview of these technologies, explaining what they are, the motivation for using them, and how they relate to each other. They then progress to cover programming basics, web and desktop programming, and data access. Step-by-step methods, fundamental examples, easy-to-follow instructions, and opportunities to try out your newly acquired skills round out this thorough beginner's guide.

Beginning Visual C# 2012 Programming:

• Describes programming basics such as variables, flow control, and object oriented programming
• Focuses on the tool beginners use most to program C#: the Visual C# 2012 development environment in Visual Studio^® 2012
• Explains debugging and error handling
• Details collections, comparisons, and conversions and explores C# language enhancements
• Delves into WPF and other key technologies for creating and deploying desktop applications
• Covers Windows Store apps
• Looks at ASP.NET web programming and deploying web applications
• Reviews file system data, XML, and LINQ

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Zusammenfassung
Step-by-step beginner's guide to Visual C# 2012

Written for novice programmers who want to learn programming with C# and the .NET framework, this book offers programming basics such as variables, flow control, and object oriented programming. It then moves into web and Windows programming and data access (databases and XML). The authors focus on the tool that beginners use most often to program C#, the Visual C# 2012 development environment in Visual Studio 2012.

• Puts the spotlight on key beginning level topics with easy-to-follow instructions for Microsoft Visual C# 2012
• Explores how to program for variables, expressions, flow control, and functions
• Explains the debugging process and error handling as well as object oriented programming, and much more

Beginning Microsoft Visual C# 2012 Programming offers beginners a guide to writing effective programming code following simple step-by-step methods, each followed by the opportunity to try out newly acquired skills.

INTRODUCTION xxxi

PART I: THE C# LANGUAGE

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCING C# 3

What Is the .NET Framework? 3

What's in the .NET Framework? 4

Writing Applications Using the .NET Framework 4

CIL and JIT 4

Assemblies 5

Managed Code 5

Garbage Collection 6

Fitting It Together 6

Linking 7

What Is C#? 7

Applications You Can Write with C# 8

C# in this Book 8

Visual Studio 2012 8

Visual Studio Express 2012 Products 9

Solutions 9

Summary 10

CHAPTER 2: WRITING A C# PROGRAM 13

The Visual Studio 2012 Development Environment 14

Console Applications 16

The Solution Explorer 18

The Properties Window 19

The Error List Window 19

Desktop Applications 20

Summary 23

CHAPTER 3: VARIABLES AND EXPRESSIONS 25

Basic C# Syntax 26

Basic C# Console Application Structure 28

Variables 29

Simple Types 29

Variable Naming 33

Naming Conventions 34

Literal Values 34

Variable Declaration and Assignment 36

Expressions 37

Mathematical Operators 37

Assignment Operators 41

Operator Precedence 42

Namespaces 42

Summary 45

CHAPTER 4: FLOW CONTROL 49

Boolean Logic 49

Boolean Assignment Operators 52

Bitwise Operators 53

Operator Precedence Updated 57

The goto Statement 58

Branching 59

The Ternary Operator 59

The if Statement 59

Checking More Conditions Using if Statements 62

The switch Statement 63

Looping 65

do Loops 66

while Loops 68

for Loops 70

Interrupting Loops 74

Infi nite Loops 75

Summary 75

CHAPTER 5: MORE ABOUT VARIABLES 79

Type Conversion 80

Implicit Conversions 80

Explicit Conversions 81

Explicit Conversions Using the Convert Commands 84

Complex Variable Types 86

Enumerations 87

Defi ning Enumerations 87

Structs 90

Defi ning Structs 90

Arrays 92

Declaring Arrays 93

foreach Loops 95

Multidimensional Arrays 96

Arrays of Arrays 97

String Manipulation 98

Summary 102

CHAPTER 6: FUNCTIONS 105

Defi ning and Using Functions 106

Return Values 108

Parameters 109

Parameter Matching 111

Parameter Arrays 111

Reference and Value Parameters 113

Out Parameters 115

Variable Scope 116

Variable Scope in Other Structures 118

Parameters and Return Values versus Global Data 120

The Main( ) Function 121

Struct Functions 123

Overloading Functions 124

Using Delegates 125

Summary 128

CHAPTER 7: DEBUGGING AND ERROR HANDLING 131

Debugging in Visual Studio 132

Debugging in Nonbreak (Nor…