Lipid lowering therapy is a cornerstone in the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis. The well established therapeutic approaches lifestyle-modification and drug therapy result in the achievement of treatment-goals in many patients. In a minority of patients, combination drug therapy or more invasive treatment modalities such as apheresis must be used. This book focuses on the diagnosis and therapy of severe dyslipoproteinemia. The physiology and pathophysiology of lipoprotein metabolism and the treatment of selected patient groups are presented in separate chapters.