This balanced history of Xinjiang and its Uyghur inhabitants traces the development of this ethnic group from imperial China to the present and its fraught relationship with the Chinese state. Morris Rossabi focuses especially on CCP policies, both progressive and repressive, toward the Uyghurs since 1949.

Morris Rossabi is Distinguished Professor of History at City University of New York and adjunct professor at Columbia University. He is the author of several celebrated works on Asian history and has collaborated on exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art. His books include A History of China, The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction, The Mongols and Global History, and Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times.

Preface

Map of the Silk Roads

Acknowledgments

1 Setting the Stage: Xinjiang and Imperial and Early

Republican China

Physical Environment

Silk Roads

Early History and the Silk Roads

Mongol Era and Xinjiang to 1750s

China Rules Xinjiang

Rebellion in Xinjiang and Aftermath

End of the Qing Dynasty and Consequences

2 China, the USSR, and the Emergence of Uyghurs

USSR Involvement and Chinese and Uyghur Responses

Chinese Communists Emerge Victorious

New Communist Policies

Repeated Changes in Communist Policies

Emergence of Radical Initiatives

3 Moderation and Ensuing Violence, 1976-2000

Era of Reform in Xinjiang

Uyghur Protests Start in 1990

Government Responses to Protests

Increases in Violence and "Strike Hard"

4 "Carrots and Sticks" in the Twenty-First Century

Shanghai Cooperation Organization, 9/11 Aftereffects vs. Moderation

Uyghur Dissatisfaction and PRC Responses

Violent Explosions

Peace through Moderation or Strike Hard Policies?

Xi Jinping and Three New Policies

Xi Reacts to Violence

Training Centers or Camps?

Failures and Successes and the Future

US Policy

Bibliography

Index