An Introduction to the Fundamentals and History of Control Charts, Applications, and Guidelines for Implementation

Introduction to Statistical Process Control examines various types of control charts that are typically used by engineering students and practitioners. This book helps readers develop a better understanding of the history, implementation, and use-cases. Students are presented with varying control chart techniques, information, and roadmaps to ensure their control charts are operating efficiently and producing specification-confirming products. This is the essential text on the theories and applications behind statistical methods and control procedures.

This eight-chapter reference breaks information down into digestible sections and covers topics including:

* An introduction to the basics as well as a background of control charts

* Widely used and newly researched attributes of control charts, including guidelines for implementation

* The process capability index for both normal and non-normal distribution via the sampling of multiple dependent states

* An overview of attribute control charts based on memory statistics

* The development of control charts using EQMA statistics

For a solid understanding of control methodologies and the basics of quality assurance, Introduction to Statistical Process Control is a definitive reference designed to be read by practitioners and students alike. It is an essential textbook for those who want to explore quality control and systems design.

MUHAMMAD ASLAM, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Statistics at King Abdulaziz University at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He was awarded the "Research Productivity Award for the year" in 2012 by Pakistan Council for Science and Technology. He is the founder of neutrosophic statistical quality control and neutrosophic inferential statistics.

AAMIR SAGHIR, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Mirpur University of Science and Technology. He received his Ph.D. in Statistics from Zhejiang University in China.

LIAQUAT AHMAD, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor in the Department of Statistics and Computer Science at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. He's taught Statistics for over 24 years at the Ph.D. and M. Phil levels.

Klappentext

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FUNDAMENTALS AND HISTORY OF CONTROL CHARTS, APPLICATIONS, AND GUIDELINES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

Introduction to Statistical Process Control examines various types of control charts that are typically used by engineering students and practitioners. This book helps readers develop a better understanding of the history, implementation, and use-cases. Students are presented with varying control chart techniques, information, and roadmaps to ensure their control charts are operating efficiently and producing specification-confirming products. This is the essential text on the theories and applications behind statistical methods and control procedures.

This eight-chapter reference breaks information down into digestible sections and covers topics including:

• An introduction to the basics as well as a background of control charts
• Widely used and newly researched attributes of control charts, including guidelines for implementation
• The process capability index for both normal and non-normal distribution via the sampling of multiple dependent states
• An overview of attribute control charts based on memory statistics
• The development of control charts using EQMA statistics

For a solid understanding of control methodologies and the basics of quality assurance, Introduction to Statistical Process Control is a definitive reference designed to be read by practitioners and students alike. It is an essential textbook for those who want to explore quality control and systems design.

Inhalt

About the Authors xi

Preface xiii

Acknowledgments xvii

1 Introduction and Genesis 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 History and Background of Control Charts 3

1.3 What is Quality and Quality Improvement? 5

Types of Quality-Related Costs 7

1.4 Basic Concepts 9

1.4.1 Descriptive Statistics 9

1.4.2 Probability Distributions 14

Continuous Probability Distributions 14

Discrete Probability Distributions 18

1.5 Types of Control Charts 19

1.5.1 Attribute Control Charts 19

1.5.2 Variable Control Charts 20

1.6 Meaning of Process Control 21

References 22

2 Shewhart Type Control Charts for Attributes 23

2.1 Proportion and Number of Nonconforming Charts 24

2.1.1 Proportion of Nonconforming Chart (p-Chart) 25

Variable Sample Size 28

Improved p-Chart 29

2.1.2 Number of Nonconforming Chart (np-Chart) 30

2.1.3 Performance Evaluation Measures 30

2.2 Number of Nonconformities and Average Nonconformity Charts 32

2.2.1 Number of Nonconformities (c-) Chart 33

2.2.2 Average Nonconformities (u-) Chart 34

2.2.3 The Performance Evaluation Measure 38

Dealing with Low Defect Levels 39

2.3 Control Charts for Over-Dispersed Data 40

2.3.1 Dispersion of Counts Data 40

2.3.2 g-Chart and h-Chart 40

2.4 Generalized and Flexible Control Charts for Dispersed Data 44

2.4.1 The gc- and the gu-Charts 45

2.4.2 Control Chart Based on Generalized Poisson Distribution 46

Process Monitoring 47

A Geometric Chart to Monitor Parameter 48

2.4.3 The Q- and the T-Charts 49

The OC Curve 52

2.5 Other Recent Developments 52

References 54

3 Variable Control Charts 57

3.1 Introduction 57

3.2 x Control Charts 58

3.2.1 Construction of x and R Charts 59

3.2.2 Phase II Control Limits 62

3.2.3 Construction of x Chart for Burr Distribution Under the Repetitive Sampling Scheme 63

3.3 Range Charts 72

3.4 Construction of S-Chart 72

3.4.1 Construction of x Chart 74

3.4.2 Normal and Non-normal Distributions for x and S-Charts 75

3.5 Variance S²-Charts 75

3.5.1 Construction of S²-Chart 76

3.5.2 The Construction of Variance Chart for Neutrosophic Statistics 77

3.5.3 The Construction of Variance Chart for Repetitive Sampling 81

References 87

4 Control Chart for Multiple Dependent State Sampling 91

4.1 Introduction 91

4.2 Attribute Charts Using MDS Sampling 91

4.2.1 The np-Control Chart 92

4.3 ConwayMaxwellPoisson (COMPoisson) Distribution 98

4.4 Variable Charts 106

4.5 Control Charts for Non-normal Distributions 107

4.6 Control Charts for Exponential Distribution 109

4.7 Control Charts for Gamma Distribution 111

References 118

5 EWMA Control Charts Using Repetitive Group Sampling Scheme 121

5.1 Concept of Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) Methodology 121

5.2 Attraction of EWMA Methodology in Manufacturing Scenario 126

5.3 Development of EWMA Control Chart for Monitoring Averages 127

5.4 Development of EWMA Control Chart for Repetitive Sampling Scheme 127

5.5 EWMA Control Chart for Repetitive Sampling Using Mean Deviation 128