Nicole F. Watts sheds light not only on the particular situation of Kurds in Turkey, but also on the challenges, risks, and potential benefits for comparable movements operating in lessthanfully democratic contexts. The book is a result of more than ten years of research conducted in Turkey and in Europe, and it draws on a wide array of sources, including Turkish electoral data, memoirs, court records, and interviews.

Nicole F. Watts is associate professor of political science at San Francisco State University.

Thousands of Kurdish politician-activists have been prosecuted and imprisoned, and hundreds have been murdered for espousing Kurdish political and cultural rights over the past twenty years. The risks are high, yet Pro-Kurdish political parties have made significant gains, as resources afforded by the political system have allowed them to challenge state rhetoric and policies to exercise power at the municipal level, which has helped legitimize and advance the pro-Kurdish movement. Activists in Office examines how these parties, while sharing many of the goals expressed by armed Kurdish groups, are using the legal political system to promote their highly contentious Kurdish national agenda in the face of a violent, repressive state.

Nicole F. Watts sheds light not only on the particular situation of Kurds in Turkey, but also on the challenges, risks, and potential benefits for comparable movements operating in less-than-fully democratic contexts. The book is a result of more than ten years of research conducted in Turkey and in Europe, and it draws on a wide array of sources, including Turkish electoral data, memoirs, court records, and interviews.

Preface and AcknowledgmentsAbbreviations

Introduction: Other Routes of Resistance

1. Early Routes: Conditions of Kurdish Electoral Mobilization 2. New Collective Challengers: The Institutional Trajectory of Turkey�s First Pro-Kurdish Party3. Resources of the System 4. Characteristics of Coercion: Obstructing Access to Resources5. Producing Competing Truths 6. Creating a New Kurdish SubjectConclusions: Assessing a Challenger�s Impact

Notes References Index