This book studies the evolution in human thought, action, and behavior as a

result of the 2008 fi nancial crisis and the Covid-19 crisis. Through the presentation

and analysis of data, as recorded for at least a decade, and using the Greek

economy as a case study, the authors examine the changes in social and human

capital, increasingly risk-averse behavior, and changes in people's general psyche

and economic action in Greek society and economy.

Panagiotis E. Petrakis is Professor in the Department of Economics at National

and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, where he serves as Scientifi c

Department of Economics at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens from

2005 to 2009. He is the author of numerous scientifi c articles and monographs

and has extensive publications in recognized academic journals on economic

development, entrepreneurship, and cultural background.

Kyriaki I. Kafka is Adjunct Lecturer of Economics at the National and Kapodistrian

University of Athens / Department of Economics. She has published books and

Economics, Journal of Business Research and Journal of Innovation and

Knowledge, and her research interests include economic development and

growth, cultural economics, institutional economics, entrepreneurship, and

innovation.

Pantelis C. Kostis is Adjunct Lecturer of Economics at the National and

Kapodistrian University of Athens / Department of Economics and the Hellenic

international academic journals including Journal of Comparative Economics,

Journal of Business Research, Economic Modelling and the Journal of Socio-

Economics. He is also the co-author of several books regarding the European and

the Greek economy, and economic development and growth.

Dionysis G. Valsamis is a Researcher in the Department of Economics at the

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. He is the co-author of

include monetary policy, economic growth, and the implementation of economic

Chapter 1:        Introduction

1.1    Personal interviews with households using a printed questionnaire Section Title

1.2    European Social Survey

1.3    Dianeosis survey What Greeks Believe

1.4    Global Preference Survey

1.5    Scientific articles on personal traits in Greek society

1.6    Standard Eurobarometer

Chapter 2:        Human Needs and Actions

2.1    Introduction

2.2    The Theoretical Background of Human Needs

2.3    Personal Traits: Derivatives of Behavior

2.4    Identity Theory

2.5    The Bipolar Pairs of Behaviors

2.6    The Complexity of Social Behavior

2.7    Comments

Chapter 3:        Behavioral Identity

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Personal Identity Theory

3.3 Collective Identity

3,.4 Economic Science and Identity Theory

3.5 The Behavioral Identity of the Greeks (2019-2020)

3.6 Comments on the Behavioral Identity of the Greeks (2019-2020)

Chapter 4:        The Big-Five Personality Characteristics

4.1 Introduction

4.2 The Personality Traits

4.3 Changes in Personality Traits

4.4 The Importance of the Big-Five Personal Traits

4.5 Measuring the Big Five Personal Traits of the Greek Society

Part II: Attitudes and Behaviors

5.1 Introduction

5.2   Happiness

5.3 Life Satisfaction

5.4 Health

5.5 Happiness and Health

5.6   Political Self-determination

5.7 Happiness and Political Self-determination

5.8 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 6:        Principles and Beliefs

6.1   Introduction

6.2   Environment - Family - Religion

6.3   Behavior Rules

6.4 Generalized Trust - Social Support - Individualism

6.5 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 7:        Creativity, Incentives and Attitudes to Life

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Creativity

7.3 Attitudes to Life

7.4 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 8:        Social Behaviors

8.1   Introduction Section Title

8.2   Human Approach

8.3   Security

8.4 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 9:        Voting Intention, Rationalism, Welfare State and Happiness

8     

9     

9.1    Introduction

9.2    Voting Intention

9.3    Voting Intention and Rationality

9.4    Voting Intention and Happiness

9.5    Voting Intention and Opinions on State, Taxation and Welfare

9.6    Voting Intention and Economic Policy

9.7    Concluding Remarks

Part III: Attitudes on Economic Policy

Chapter 10:     Economy and Economic Pol...