One surprising outcome of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 was that, although Russia was humiliatingly defeated, by 1916 Russia and Japan had become allies. This book provides a detailed analysis of how this remarkable turnaround came about, and charts diplomatic developments; explores how Japanese and Russian thinking evolved; and assesses the wider international impact of the new alliance.

Peter Berton is Distinguished Professor Emeritus, School of International Relations, University of Southern California, USA. His publications include The Japanese-Russian Territorial Dilemma: Historical Background, Disputes, Issues, Questions, Solution Scenarios; International Negotiation: Actors, Structure/Process, Values; The Russo-Japanese Boundary: 1850-1875; and The Russian Impact on Japan: Literature and Social Thought.

1. Russo-Japanese relations, 1905-1914 2. Efforts to Conclude Alliances at the Outbreak of World War I 3. Russo-Japanese Relations during the Early Part of World War I 4. The Torturous Road to Japan's Decision on an Alliance with Russia 5. Conclusion of the Russo-Japanese Alliance of 1916 6. The 1916 Treaties, China, and the Powers 7. From Enemies to Allies: Summary and Conclusions. Notes. Appendices. Bibliography. Index