Advanced Cardiac Life Support
In the event of an adult cardiac arrest, it is essential to be able to respond rapidly, providing safe and effective care. This new and updated edition of Advanced Cardiac Life Support provides the theoretical background to resuscitation as well as explaining the essential resuscitation skills required to manage an adult cardiac arrest- from the time it occurs until subsequent transfer to the ICU.
The emphasis is on the prevention of cardiac arrest with detailed information on the management of peri-arrest arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes. Advanced Cardiac Life Support also discusses ethical and legal issues, record keeping, dealing with bereavement, audit, equipment and training- providing an essential quick reference tool for nurses and health care professionals.
* An evidence-based approach to emergency care based on the latest Resuscitation guidelines
* A succinct yet comprehensive guide to the management of cardiac arrest
* Written by an experienced resuscitation training offer who is also a qualified nurse and former CCU Charge Nurse
Autorentext
Phil Jevon qualified as an RGN in 1986. He worked on CCU between the years 1987 and 1993 during which time he gained considerable experience in coronary care nursing. He has been the Resuscitation Officer/Clinical Skills Lead at The Manor Hospital, Walsall since 1993 and is an Honorary Clinical Lecturer at the Birmingham Medical School. While working on CCU and since then in his role as a member of the hospital cardiac arrest team, he has got considerable experience in advanced cardiac life support.
Zusammenfassung
Advanced Cardiac Life Support
In the event of an adult cardiac arrest, it is essential to be able to respond rapidly, providing safe and effective care. This new and updated edition of Advanced Cardiac Life Support provides the theoretical background to resuscitation as well as explaining the essential resuscitation skills required to manage an adult cardiac arrest- from the time it occurs until subsequent transfer to the ICU.
The emphasis is on the prevention of cardiac arrest with detailed information on the management of peri-arrest arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes. Advanced Cardiac Life Support also discusses ethical and legal issues, record keeping, dealing with bereavement, audit, equipment and training- providing an essential quick reference tool for nurses and health care professionals.
- An evidence-based approach to emergency care based on the latest Resuscitation guidelines
- A succinct yet comprehensive guide to the management of cardiac arrest
- Written by an experienced resuscitation training offer who is also a qualified nurse and former CCU Charge Nurse
Inhalt
Chapter 1: Resuscitation Service: An Overview 1
Introduction 1
Learning outcomes 1
Concept of the chain of survival 1
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Standards for Clinical Practice and Training 3
Role of the Resuscitation Council (UK) 8
Principles of safer handling during CPR 9
Chapter summary 12
Chapter 2: Resuscitation Equipment 13
Introduction 13
Learning outcomes 13
Recommended minimum equipment for the management of an adult cardiac arrest 14
Routine checking of resuscitation equipment 17
Checking resuscitation equipment following use 18
Chapter summary 18
Chapter 3: Recognition and Treatment of the Critically Ill Patient 20
Introduction 20
Learning outcomes 20
Prevention of in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest 21
Clinical signs of critical illness 24
Early warning scores and calling criteria 24
Role of outreach and medical emergency teams 29
Assessment and emergency treatment of the critically ill patient 31
Chapter summary 43
Chapter 4: Principles of Cardiac Monitoring and ECG Recognition 47
Introduction 47
Learning outcomes 47
The conduction system of the heart 48
The ECG and its relation to cardiac contraction 49
Methods of cardiac monitoring 49
Problems encountered with cardiac monitoring 51
Systematic approach to ECG interpretation 52
Cardiac arrhythmias associated with cardiac arrest 56
Peri-arrest arrhythmias 58
Chapter summary 62
Chapter 5: Bystander Basic Life Support 64
Introduction 64
Learning outcomes 64
Potential hazards when attempting BLS 65
Initial assessment and sequence of actions in bystander BLS 66
Principles of chest compressions 70
Principles of mouth-to-mouth ventilation 73
The recovery position 77
Treatment for foreign body airway obstruction 81
Chapter summary 85
Chapter 6: Airway Management and Ventilation 88
Introduction 88
Learning outcomes 88
Causes of airway obstruction 89
Recognition of airway obstruction 89
Simple techniques to open and clear the airway 90
Use of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways 94
Insertion of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) 102
Insertion of the combitube 106
Procedure for application of cricoid pressure 107
Principles of tracheal intubation 111
Methods for ventilation 116
Chapter summary 121
Chapter 7: Defibrillation and Electrical Cardioversion 124
Introduction 124
Learning objectives 125
Ventricular fibrillation 125
Physiology of defibrillation 126
Factors affecting successful defibrillation 127
Safety issues and defibrillation 132
Procedure for manual defibrillation 134
Procedure for automated external defibrillation 138
Synchronised electrical cardioversion 140
New technological advances in defibrillation 143
Chapter summary 144
Chapter 8: Advanced Life Support 147
Introduction 147
Learning objectives 147
Background to the Resuscitation Council (UK) ALS algorithm 148
Overview of the ALS algorithm 149
Chest compressions 160
Precordial thump 165
Reversible causes 167
Drug delivery routes 170
Resuscitation drugs 172
Use of pre-filled syringes 174
Principles of external pacing 176
Chapter summary 179
Chapter 9: Resuscitation in Special Situations 182
Introduction 182
Learning outcomes 182
Life-threatening electrolyte abnormalities 183
Hypothermia 186
Drowning 189
Acute severe asthma 191
Electrocution 195
Pregnancy 197
Poisoning 199
Trauma 202
Cardiovascular collapse or cardiac arrest caused by local anaesthetic 203
Chapter summary 204
Chapter 10: Anaphylaxis 209
Introduction 209
Learning outcomes 209
Definition 209
Incidence 210
Pathophysiology 211
Causes 211
Clinical features and diagnosis 211
Treatment of anaphylaxis 213
Chapter summary 217
Chapter 11: Acute Coronary Syndromes 219
Introduction 219
Learning outcomes 219
Pathogenesis of ACS 219
Classification of ACS 220
Diagnosis of ACS 221
Immediate treatment of ACS 228
Chapter summary 232
Chapter 12: Management of Peri-Arrest Arrhythmias 234
Introduction 234
Learning outcomes 234
Principles of the use of the peri-arrest algorithms 235
Adverse clinical signs associated with peri-arrest arrhythmias 235
Management of bradycardia 236
Management of a tachycardia 238
Chapter summary 242
Chapter 13: Post-Resuscitation Care 244
Introduction 244
Learning objectives 244
Goals of post-resuscitation care 245
Initial asse…