Wastes, whether they are solid wastes or wastewater, are
resources from which economic values may be derived. Almost all
components of agricultural and food wastewater can be and should be
utilized or recovered; the stumbling block of achieving this
aspiration is economical, not technical. The last one and a half
decades have seen the surging of agricultural and non-agricultural
commodity prices across the board and increased public
consciousness of environmental impact of industrial wastewater
discharge and treatment. The confluence of these new developments
have generated new interests and applications of agricultural and
food wastewater and their treatment residuals in diverse fields and
industries.
This new edition will expand topics related to wastewater
utilizations and new uses of treatment residuals while providing
up-to-date information on new treatment technologies and practices
across the globe. The new edition's target audience is anyone
who has the responsibility of dealing with its plant effluents in
agricultural and food processing operations. It should be of value
to waste management personnel responsible for managing major waste
effluents from agro and food industries. It will also be
useful for college students whose majors are in environmental
science or waste management fields as a reference.
Autorentext
Dr Sean X. Liu is Research Leader, Functional Foods Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, Illinois, USA
Klappentext
Wastes, whether solids or wastewater, are resources from which economic value may be derived. Almost all components of agricultural and food wastewater can be and should be utilized or recovered. The stumbling block to achieving this aspiration is economical, not technical. The last one-and-a-half decades have seen a surge in agricultural and non-agricultural commodity prices across the board as well as increased public consciousness of environmental impact of industrial wastewater discharge and treatment. The confluence of these developments has generated new interests and applications in agricultural and food wastewater and treatment residuals in diverse fields and industries.
Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment Second Edition focuses on cost-effective treatment technologies specific to food and agriculture wastewater, and the potentially economic recovery of valuable
substances from wastewater during common food processing and postharvest operations. Special consideration has been given to those technologies that can not only solve the environmental problem of wastewater disposal but also reduce wastewater management costs in the long run for food and agriculture industries.
This new edition follows up on decades of research on food and agricultural wastewater explored in the first edition by expanding topics related to wastewater utilizations and new uses of treatment residuals. It also provides up-to-date information on new treatment technologies and practices across the globe. Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment, Second edition is for anyone who has the responsibility of
dealing with the effluents of agricultural and food processing plants. It will prove invaluable to waste management personnel responsible for managing major waste effluents from agro and food industries. It will also be an important reference for anyone studying in the fields of environmental science and waste management.
Zusammenfassung
Wastes, whether they are solid wastes or wastewater, are resources from which economic values may be derived. Almost all components of agricultural and food wastewater can be and should be utilized or recovered; the stumbling block of achieving this aspiration is economical, not technical. The last one and a half decades have seen the surging of agricultural and non-agricultural commodity prices across the board and increased public consciousness of environmental impact of industrial wastewater discharge and treatment. The confluence of these new developments have generated new interests and applications of agricultural and food wastewater and their treatment residuals in diverse fields and industries.
This new edition will expand topics related to wastewater utilizations and new uses of treatment residuals while providing up-to-date information on new treatment technologies and practices across the globe. The new edition's target audience is anyone who has the responsibility of dealing with its plant effluents in agricultural and food processing operations. It should be of value to waste management personnel responsible for managing major waste effluents from agro and food industries. It will also be useful for college students whose majors are in environmental science or waste management fields as a reference.
Inhalt
Preface to the second edition ix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Characteristics of agricultural and food wastewater 1
1.2 Material balances and stoichiometry 18
1.3 Fluid flow rate and mass loading 20
1.4 Kinetics and reaction rates 20
1.5 Theoretical modeling and design of biological reactors 24
1.6 Process economics 27
1.7 Further reading 28
1.8 References 28
2 Basic microbiology in wastewater treatment 29
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 Structures of cells 30
2.3 Important microorganisms in wastewater 30
2.4 Microbial metabolism 37
2.5 Nitrification 39
2.6 Denitrification 41
2.7 Further reading 42
2.8 References 43
3 Physicochemical wastewater treatment processes 45
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Equalization basins 46
3.3 Screening 48
3.4 Flotation 49
3.5 Sedimentation 52
3.6 Coagulation and flocculation 57
3.7 Filtration processes 62
3.8 Adsorption 65
3.9 Chemical oxidation 70
3.10 Membrane separations 71
3.11 Ion exchange 93
3.12 Closing remarks 99
3.13 Further reading 101
3.14 References 101
4 Biological wastewater treatment processes 103
4.1 Introduction 103
4.2 Kinetics of biochemical systems in wastewater microbiology 104
4.3 Idealized biochemical reactors 110
4.4 Completely mixed aerated lagoon (CMAL) 114
4.5 Trickling filter (TF) 116
4.6 Rotating biological contactor (RBC) 119
4.7 Combined aerobic processes 125
4.8 Contact anaerobic systems 126
4.9 Further reading 131
4.10 References 131
5 Advanced wastewater treatment processes 133
5.1 Introduction 133
5.2 Biological removal of nitrogen: nitrification and denitrification 135
5.3 Physicochemical removal of nitrogen 136
5.4 Biological removal of phosphorus 137
5.5 Physicochemical removal of phosphate 141
5.6 Membrane processes for advanced wastewater treatment 143
5.7 VOC removal with pervaporation 146
5.8 Disinfection 147
5.9 Further reading 150
5.10 References 150
6 Natural systems for wastewater treatment 153
6.1 Introduction 153
6.2 Stabilization ponds 154
6.3 Land treatment systems 166
6.4 Wetland systems 181
6.5 Floating aquatic plant systems 185
6.6 Further reading 192
6.7 References 192
7 Sludge treatment and management 195
7.1 Sludge quality and characteristics 196
7.2 Sludge thickening (concentration) 197
7.3 Sludge stabilization 201
7.4 Reed beds 205
7.5 Conditioning of sludge 208
7.6 Dewatering 209
7.7 Land applications and surface disposal 218
7.8 Incineration 219
7.9 Fur…