Levinas's idea of ethics as a relation of responsibility to the other person has become a highly influential and recognizable position across a wide range of academic and non-academic fields. Simon Critchley's aim in this book is to provide a less familiar, more troubling, and (hopefully) truer account of Levinas's work. A new dramatic method for reading Levinas is proposed, where the fundamental problem of his work is seen as the attempt to escape from the tragedy of Heidegger's philosophy and the way in which that philosophy shaped political events in the last century. Extensive and careful attention is paid to Levinas' fascinating but often overlooked work from the 1930s, where the proximity to Heidegger becomes clearer. Levinas's problem is very simple: how to escape from the tragic fatality of being as described by Heidegger. Levinas's later work is a series of attempts to answer that problem through claims about ethical selfhood and a series of phenomenological experiences, especially erotic relations and the relation to the child. These claims are analyzed in the book through close textual readings. Critchley reveals the problem with Levinas's answer to his own philosophical question and suggests a number of criticisms, particular concerning the question of gender. In the final, speculative part of the book, another answer to Levinas's problem is explored through a reading of the Song of Songs and the lens of mystical love.

Simon Critchley is Hans Jonas Professor at the New School for Social Research. His books include Very Little ... Almost Nothing, Infinitely Demanding, The Book of Dead Philosophers, The Faith of the Faithless, The Mattering of Matter, Documents from the Archive of the International Necronautical Society (with Tom McCarthy), and Stay, Illusion! The Hamlet Doctrine (with Jamieson Webter). An experimental new work, Memory Theatre, and a book called Bowie were published in September 2014. He is moderator of 'The Stone', a philosophy column in The New York Times, to which he is a frequent contributor.

• Preface
• Abbreviations of Levinas' Works
• Lecture One
• Hegel or Levinas? - Philosophy and Sexual Difference - Why Philosophy? The Problem of Method - Against Aristotle: The Meaning of Drama - Moral Ambiguity - The Seduction of Facticity - At War with Oneself - Heidegger's Comedy Turns Tragic - The Theology of Clothes - Beyond the Tragedy of Finitude - A Happy Ending
• Lecture Two
• Hitlerism Against Liberalism - Elemental Evil - The Marxist Critique of Liberalism and a Critique of Marxism - Embodiment and Racism - Why Europe is So Great - The Bio-Politics of Fascism - French Philosophy is Not Pornography - Escape: The Ur-Form of Levinas' Thought - Being Riveted and the Need for Excendence - Desire and Malaise - Pleasure and Shame - I Love Phaedra - The Impotence of Being - Is There a Way Out of Barbarism? - Levinas in Captivity
• Lecture Three
• The Break-up of Fate - How to Build an Immonument - Ethics Back to Front - Levinas' Anarchism - Waving Goodbye to the Principle of Non-Contradiction - The Weak Syntax of Skepticism - Escaping Evasion Through That Which Cannot Be Evaded - The Structure of Otherwise than Being - In Itself One: This is Not a Metaphor - Four Problems: Prescription, Agency, Masochism, Sublimation - Love Song
• Lecture Four
• Levinas' Marvelous Family - The Problem of Eros - Into the Abyss, the Inexistent - Why You Should All Have Children - Pluralism, the Break with the One - The Denouement of Levinas' Comedy - Forgiveness, Reconciliation, Messianism: The End of Totality and Infinity - Occupy Philosophy! Irigaray's Strategy - Shakespeare's Misogyny - The Song of Songs, Finally - Against Scholem, For Hysterical Extravagance - Mysticism in the Kitchen - All Mouth - Decreation, Annihilation - The Enjoyment of God - Sovereign Love
• Afterword
• Bibliography