A variety of multisensory syndromes known as vertigo are completely discussed in this practical, clinically-oriented book. The emphasis is on differential diagnosis, management and the underlying pathological mechanisms.

A variety of syndromes are hidden behind the term vertigo; the interdisciplinary approach here shows how surprisingly easy it is to correctly diagnose and effectively treat them. The book's clinical practicality uncovers the key elements necessary for understanding vertigo: the sensorimotor physiology, careful history-taking, and otoneurological examination. For each syndrome, there is a full description of the clinical features and diagnostic procedure. Numerous tables and thorough cross-referencing guide you to differential diagnosis. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship between the management and the underlying pathological mechanism of the disease.

1 Introduction.- The Vertigo Syndromes.- Signs and Symptoms.- The Mismatch Concept.- The Vestibulo-ocular Reflex (VOR).- VOR Mediation of Perception and Postural Adjustments.- Vestibulospinal Reflexes.- Approaching the Patient.- Medical and Physical Therapy.- Vestibular Compensation.- Vestibular Exercises and Physical Therapy of Ataxias.- References.- Section A Vestibular Nerve And Labyrinthine Disorders.- 2 Vestibular Neuritis.- The Clinical Syndrome.- Aetiology and Site of the Lesion.- Management.- References.- 3 Meniere's Disease.- The Clinical Syndrome.- Aetiology and Pathology.- Management.- Vestibular Drop Attacks (Tumarkin's Otolithic Crisis).- References.- 4 Perilymph Fistulas.- Aetiology and Pathomechanisms.- Endolymphatic Hydrops and Perilymph/Endolymph Fistulas.- How May a Perilymph Fistula Be Identified?.- Management.- Tullio Phenomenon.- Otolith Tullio Phenomenon.- References.- 5 Miscellaneous Vestibular Nerve and Labyrinthine Disorders.- Unilateral Vestibular Loss.- Bilateral Vestibular Loss.- Management.- References.- Section B Central Vestibular Disorders.- 6 Vestibular Epilepsy.- Epileptic Nystagmus.- Vestibular versus Visual (Optokinetic) Seizures.- "Vestibulogenic Epilepsy".- References.- 7 Downbeat Nystagmus/Vertigo Syndrome.- The Clinical Syndrome: Nystagmus, Oscillopsia and Postural Imbalance.- Pathomechanism and Site of the Lesion.- Aetiology.- Management.- References.- 8 Upbeat Nystagmus/Vertigo Syndrome.- The Clinical Syndrome.- Pathomechanism and Site of the Lesion.- Aetiology.- Management.- References.- 9 Ocular Tilt Reaction.- The Clinical Syndrome.- Alternating Skew Deviation, See-saw Nystagmus and Ocular Tilt Reaction.- Pathomechanism of Ocular Tilt Reaction.- Topographical Specificity of Ocular Tilt Reaction.- Aetiology.- Management.- References.- 10 Miscellaneous Central Vestibular Disorders.- Central Brainstem/Cerebellar Lesions Mimicking Vestibular Neuritis.- Paroxysmal Central Vertigo.- Falls Without Vertigo.- References.- Section C Positional Vertigo.- 11 Benign Paroxysmal Positioning Vertigo (BPPV).- Mechanism of Cupulolithiasis.- Aetiology.- Nystagmus.- Horizontal Semicircular Canal BPPV?.- Vertigo and Postural Imbalance.- Management.- References.- 12 Positional Nystagmus/Vertigo with Specific Gravity Differential Between Cupula and Endolymph (Buoyancy Hypothesis).- Positional Alcohol Vertigo/Nystagmus (PAN).- Positional ''Heavy Water" Nystagmus.- Positional Glycerol Nystagmus.- Positional Nystagmus with Macroglobulinaemia.- (Waldenstrom's Disease).- References.- 13 Vertigo and/or Tinnitus Associated with Neurovascular Compression ''Vestibular Paroxysmia" (Disabling Positional Vertigo).- Conclusions from a Confusing Literature.- References.- 14 Central Positional Vertigo.- Positional Downbeating Nystagmus.- Central Positional Nystagmus.- Central Positional Vertigo.- "Basilar Insufficiency".- Head-extension Vertigo.- Bending-over Vertigo.- References.- Section D Vascular Vertigo.- 15 Migraine and Vertigo.- Pathogenesis and Management.- Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo in Childhood (BPV).- Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis in Infancy.- Benign Recurrent Vertigo (BRV).- Basilar Artery Migraine.- Dizziness and Vertigo as Facultative Symptoms in Migraine.- Association of Migraine with Other Vertigo Disorders?.- References.- 16 Hyperviscosity Syndrome and Vertigo.- References.- Section E Traumatic Vertigo.- 17 Head and Neck Injury.- Traumatic Otolith Vertigo.- References.- 18 Vertigo Due To Barotrauma.- Alternobaric Vertigo.- Decompression Sickness.- Round and Oval Window Fistula.- References.- Section F Familial Vertigo And Vertigo In Childhood.- 19 Familial Periodic Ataxia/Vertigo.- Management.- References.- 20 Vertigo in Childhood.- References.- Section G Drugs And Vertigo.- 21 Drugs and Vertigo.- Ototoxic Agents.- Cerebellar Intoxication.- Drugs and Eye Movements.- References.- Section H Non-Vestibular Vertigo Syndromes.- 22 Visual Vertigo.- Circularvection and Linearvection: Optokinetically Induced Perception of Self-motion.- Psychophysics of Circularvection.- Visual-Vestibular Interaction: Functional Significance of Visual and Vestibular Cortex.- Rollvection-Tilt: Optokinetic Graviceptive Mismatch.- Visual Pseudo-Coriolis Effects and Pseudo-Purkinje Effect.- Optokinetic Motion Sickness.- Physiological Height Vertigo and Posture.- Physical Prevention of Physiological Height Vertigo.- Licence for Workers on Heights?.- The "Visual Cliff" Phenomenon.- Vision and Posture.- Moving Visual Scene.- Visual Acuity.- Near Vision and Eye-Object Distance.- Visual Control of Fore-Aft versus Lateral Body Sway.- Visual Stabilisation in the Dark.- Flicker Illumination.- Visual Field.- Eye Movements, Oculomotor Disorders and Postural Balance.- Nystagmus with Oscillopsia Impairs Balance.- Extra-ocular Muscle Paresis Impairs Locomotion and Balance.- Oscillopsia.- Oscillopsia is Smaller than Retinal Image Slip: Deficient Vestibulo-ocular Reflex.- Acquired Ocular Oscillations with Oscillopsia.- Physiological Impairment of Motion Perception with Moving Eyes.- Normal (Physiological) Inhibitory Interactions Between Self-motion and Object-motion Perception.- Pathological (Adaptive?) Binocular Impairment of Motion Perception Caused by Monocular External Eye Muscle Paresis.- Oscillopsia and Motion Perception in Congenital Nystagmus.- Conclusions.- References.- 23 Somatosensory Vertigo.- Cervical Vertigo.- Functional Significance of Neck Afferents and Neck Reflexes.- Ataxia and Nystagmus in Experimental Cervical Vertigo.- Clinical Evidence for Cervical Vertigo?.- Somatosensory (Arthrokinetic) Nystagmus and Self-motion Sensation.- Vertigo and Postural Imbalance with Sensory Polyneuropathy.- References.- Section I Psychogenic Vertigo.- 24 Psychogenic Vertigo.- Organic versus Psychiatric Morbidity.- Vestibular Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders?.- How May Psychogenic Vertigo Be Diagnosed?.- Anxiety Neurosis.- Depression.- Agoraphobia.- Hysteria.- Post-traumatic Vertigo.- Intoxication.- Acrophobia.- Psychotherapy of Acrophobia and Agoraphobia.- Phobic Postural Vertigo.- Clinical Features of Phobic Postural Vertigo.- Fear of Impending Death.- Attacks.- Primary Personality.- Therapeutic Regime.- Is Phobic Postural Vertigo a Disorder of Space Constancy due to Uncoupling of the Efference Copy?.- Differentiation of Phobic Postural Vertigo Attacks from Acrophobia and Agoraphobia.- References.- Section J Physiological Vertigo.- 25 Motion Sickness.- The Clinical Syndrome.- Nausea and Vomiting.- Labyrinth Function and Motion Sickness.- The Visual-Vestibular Conflict (Mismatch).- Incidence and Susceptibility.- Management: Physical and Medical Prevention.- Space Sickness.- References.