The Iranian Revolution of 1979 stands as one of the most transformative political and ideological upheavals of the modern era, reshaping not only Iran itself but the entire Islamic world. More than a mere political transition, it represented a paradigm shift in governance, religious authority, and resistance to Western imperialism. Unlike the great revolutions of the past?the French and Russian revolutions, which were predominantly secular in nature?the Iranian Revolution was deeply rooted in religious ideology, intertwining Shiism with political activism in an unprecedented manner. It brought forth the establishment of the first modern theocratic republic, fundamentally challenging the dominant secular-nationalist models of governance that had emerged in the Middle East throughout the 20th century.