One of the most neglected areas of German humanism is the tradition of pastoral poetry in New Latin modeled on Virgil`s eclogues. Among the most prominent New Latin bucolic poets is Simon Lemnius (1511-1550), best known otherwise for his earlier poetic broadsides against Luther. The present edition is a major step towards a better understanding and documentation of the specific German contribution to the eclogue genre, one that was destined to retain its popularity all over Europe until well into the Baroque period.