Sums of Squares of Integers covers topics in combinatorial number theory as they relate to counting representations of integers as sums of a certain number of squares. The book introduces a stimulating area of number theory where research continues to proliferate. It is a book of firsts - namely it is the first book to combine Liouville's elementary methods with the analytic methods of modular functions to study the representation of integers as sums of squares. It is the first book to tell how to compute the number of representations of an integer n as the sum of s squares of integers for any s and n. It is also the first book to give a proof of Szemeredi's theorem, and is the first number theory book to discuss how the modern theory of modular forms complements and clarifies the classical fundamental results about sums of squares. The book presents several existing, yet still interesting and instructive, examples of modular forms. Two chapters develop useful properties of the Bernoulli numbers and illustrate arithmetic progressions, proving the theorems of van der Waerden, Roth, and Szemeredi. The book also explains applications of the theory to three problems that lie outside of number theory in the areas of cryptanalysis, microwave radiation, and diamond cutting. The text is complemented by the inclusion of over one hundred exercises to test the reader's understanding.

Moreno, Carlos J.; Wagstaff, Jr.

Sums of Squares of Integers is the first book to combine elementary methods with analytic methods of modular functions to study the representation of integers as sums of squares. It is the first book to tell how to compute the number of representations of an integer n as the sum of s squares for any s and n. This book is also the first to give a proof of Szemeredi's theorem, an important result in modern number theory. It discusses how the modern theory of modular forms complements and clarifies the classical, fundamental results about sums of squares. This text includes applications to such diverse fields as cryptography, crystallography, and thermal radiation. Written by world-class experts, this book is ideal for mathematicians, particularly number theorists and computer scientists.

Introduction. Elementary Methods. Bernoulli Numbers. Examples of Modular Forms. Hecke's Theory of Modular Forms. Representation of Numbers as Sums of Squares. Arithmetic Progressions. Applications. References. Index.