Carbonate Reservoirs: Porosity, Evolution and Diagenesis in a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework

Dr. Clyde H. Moore received his BS degree in Geology from Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge and his MS and PhD degrees from the University of Texas in Austin. He spent a number of years as a research geologist with Shell Development Company in Houston, Texas and Ventura, California. During this period he studied Cretaceous carbonate sequences in Texas, modern clastic coastal depositional environments along the Atlantic coast, and Tertiary clastic sequences in the marginal basins of the Pacific coast. He joined the geology faculty at Louisiana State University in 1966 and retired as Professor Emeritus in 1997. During his tenure at LSU his research interests and the work of his students spanned all aspects of carbonate geology from modern sediments to ancients rock sequences around the world. His main focus in his later years at LSU was the nature and evolution of porosity in carbonate reservoirs. This research was sponsored by an industrial associates program. At present he is a research professor at the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, Colorado. He is an active consultant and teaches industrial seminars for Oil and Gas Consultants Inc (OGCI). His seminars include Carbonate Reservoirs and Sequence Stratigraphy. He was a Distinguished Lecturer for AAPG and recently received the AAPG Distinguished Educator award. He resides in Lakewood, Colorado.

Office address: Department of Geology Colorado School of Mines Golden, CO 80401, USA Ph. 303 273 3805 Fax 303 273 3857 Email: chmoore@mines.edu

Preface.
Chapter 1. The Nature of the Carbonate Depositional System. The Basic Nature of Carbonate Sediments and Sedimentation. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Origin of carbonate sediments.
The reef: a unique depositional environment.
Unique biological control over the texture and fabric of carbonate sediments.
Carbonate grain composition.
Carbonate rock classification.
Efficiency of the carbonate factory and its impact on patterns of carbonate sedimentation.
Carbonate platform types and facies models.
Summary.
Chapter 2. Concepts of Sequence Stratigraphy as Applied to Carbonate Depositional Systems. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Sequence Stratigraphy.
Eustasy, tectonics and sedimentation: the basic accommodation model.
Hierarchy of Stratigraphic Cycles.
Introduction of Carbonate Sequence Stratigraphic Models.
The Ramp Sequence Stratigraphic Model.
The Rimmed Shelf Sequence Stratigraphic Model.
The Escarpment Margin Sequence Stratigraphic Model.
Sequence Stratigraphic Model of Isolated Platforms.
High-frequency cyclicity on carbonate platforms: carbonate parasequences.
The Consequences of the High-Chemical Reactivity of Carbonate Sediments and Rocks During Exposure at Sequence Boundaries.
Carbonate minerals and their relative stability.
Controls over the mineralogy of carbonate sediments, today and in the past.
Mineralogy of ancient limestones: the concept of early progressive mineral stabilization and porosity evolution.
Summary.
Chapter 3. The Classification of Carbonate Porosity. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
The Nature and Classification of Carbonate Porosity.
Choquette and Pray porosity classification.
The Lucia rock fabric/petrophysical carbonate porosity classification.
The Nature of Primary Porosity in Modern Sediments.
Intergrain porosity.
Intragrain porosity.
Depositional porosity of mud-bearing sediments.
Framework and fenestral porosity.
Secondary Porosity.
Introduction.
Secondary porosity formation by dissolution.
Secondary porosity associated with dolomitization.
Secondary porosity associated with breccias.
Secondary porosity associated with fractures.
Summary.
Chapter 4. Diagenetic Environments of Porosity Modification and Tools for their Recognition in the Geologic Record61. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Marine environment.
Meteoric environment.
Subsurface environment.
Petrography-cement morphology.
Petrography-cement distribution patterns.
Petrography-grain-cement relationships relative to compaction.
Trace element geochemistry of calcite cements and dolomites.
Stable isotopes.
Strontium isotopes.
Fluid Inclusions.
Chapter 5. Normal Marine Diagenetic Environments. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Shallow Water, Normal Marine Diagenetic Environments.
Abiotic shallow marine carbonate cementation.
Recognition of ancient shallow marine abiotic cements.
Biologically mediated marine carbonate cementation and diagenesis.
Diagenetic setting in the intertidal zone.
Modern shallow water submarine hardgrounds.
Recognition and significance of ancient hardgrounds.
Diagenetic setting in the modern reef environment.
Recognition of reef-related marine diagenesis in the ancient record.
Early marine lithification of the Permian Capitan reef complex New Mexico, USA.
Porosity evolution of the Golden Lane of Mexico and the Stuart City of Texas.
Porosity evolution of Devonian reefs: Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.
Slope To Deep Marine Diagenetic Environments.
Introduction to diagenesis in the slope to deep marine environment.
Carbonate diagenesis associated with ramp to slope mud mounds.
Carbonate diagenesis of mounds near hydrothermal and hydrocarbon vents.
Carbonate diagenesis associated with escarpment shelf margins: Enewetak Atoll.
Carbonate diagenesis of steep escarpment shelf margins: Bahama Platform.
Summary.
Chapter 6. Evaporative Marine Diagenetic Environments. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Introduction to diagenesis in evaporative marine environments.
The Marginal Marine Sabkha Diagenetic Environment.
Modern marginal marine sabkhas.
Diagenetic patterns association with ancient marginal marine sabkhas.
Ordovician Red River marginal marine sabkha reservoirs, Williston Basin, USA.
Mississippian Mission Canyon marine sabkha reservoirs, Williston Basin, USA.
Ordovician Ellenburger marine sabkha-related dolomite reservoirs, west Texas, USA.
Criteria for the recognition of ancient marginal marine sabkha dolomites.
Marginal Marine Evaporative Lagoons Reflux Dolomitization.
The marginal marine evaporative lagoon as a diagenetic environment.
Permian Guadalupian west Texas, USA: an ancient evaporative lagoon complex.
Permian reservoirs of the South Cowden Field, Texas: reflux dolomitization.
Jurassic Smackover dolomitization, Texas, USA: a reflux dolomitization event.
Criteria for the recognition of ancient reflux dolomites.
Regional evaporite basins, coastal salinas, their setting and diagenetic environment.
The MacLeod salt basin.
The Elk Point Basin of Canada.
Michigan Basin, USA.
Jurassic Hith Evaporite and the Arab Formation, Middle East.
Summary.
Chapter 7. Diagenesis in the Meteoric Environment. (Sample images from CD-ROM in pdf format: )
Introduction.
Geochemical and Mineralogical Considerations.
Geochemistry of meteoric pore fluids and precipitates.
Isotopic composition of meteoric waters and meteoric carbonate precipitates.
Mineralogic drive of diagenesis within the meteoric environment.
Implication of kinetics of the CaC03-H20-C02 system in meteoric environments.
Climatic effects.
Hydrologic setting of the meteoric diagenetic environment.
The Vadose Diagenetic Environment.
Intro…