America's clergy are not just religious leaders. Their influence extends far beyond church doors. Houses of worship stand at the center of American civic life-one of the few spheres in which relatively diverse individuals gather together regularly. And the moral authority granted to pastors means that they are uniquely positioned to play a role in public debates. Based on data gathered through national surveys of clergy across four mainline Protestant (the Disciples of Christ; the Presbyterian Church, USA; the Reformed Church in America; and the United Methodist Church) and three evangelical Protestant denominations (the Assemblies of God; the Christian Reformed Church; and, the Southern Baptist Convention), Pastors and Public Life examines the changing sociological, theological, and political characteristics of American Protestant clergy over the past twenty-plus years. Smidt focuses on the relationship between clergy and politics-clergy positions on issues of American public policy, norms on what is appropriate for clergy to do politically, as well as the clergy's political cue-giving, their pronouncements on public policy, and political activism-and the impact these changes have on congregations and on American society as a whole. Pastors and Public Life is the first book to systematically examine such changes and continuity over time. It will be invaluable to scholars, students, pastors, and churchgoers.

Corwin E. Smidt is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Calvin College, where he also served as the director of the Paul B. Henry Institute for the Study of Christianity and Politics for fifteen years. He is now a research fellow with the Henry Institute and currently serves as President of the Society for the Scientific Study of Religion.

Acknowledgments Introduction The Changing World of Protestant Clergy Chapter 1 Clergy as Public Actors Chapter 2 The Social Characteristics of Clergy and the Churches They Serve Chapter 3 The Theological Orientations of American Protestant Clergy Chapter 4 The Social Theologies of American Protestant Clergy Chapter 5 The Positions of Clergy on Contemporary Issues of Public Life Chapter 6 The Political Norms and Psychological Resources of Clergy Chapter 7 The Political Activities of Clergy within Congregational Life Chapter 8 The Political Activism of Clergy Conclusion Reflections on the Past, Thinking about the Future Appendix A Number of Respondents and Response Rate by Denomination over Time Appendix B Validating the Representativeness of the 2009 Cooperative Clergy Survey Index