Providing a complete description of modern tactical military communications and networks technology, this book systematically compares tactical military communications techniques with their commercial equivalents, pointing out similarities and differences. In particular it examines each layer of the protocol stack and shows how specific tactical and security requirements result in changes from the commercial approach. The author systematically leads readers through this complex topic, firstly providing background on the architectural approach upon which the analysis will be based, and then going into detail on tactical wireless communications and networking technologies and techniques.
* Structured progressively: for readers needing an overall view; for those looking at the communications aspects (lower layers of the protocol stack); and for users interested in the networking aspects (higher layers of the protocol stack)
* Presents approaches to alleviate the challenges faced by the engineers in the field today
* Furnished throughout with illustrations and case studies to clarify the notional and architectural approaches
* Includes a list of problems for each chapter to emphasize the important aspects of the topics covered
* Covers the current state of tactical networking as well as the future long term evolution of tactical wireless communications and networking in the next 50 years
* Written at an advanced level with scope as a reference tool for engineers and scientists as well as a graduate text for advanced courses
Autorentext
George F. Elmasry, Senior Vice President, DSCI, USA
With seventeen years of industry experience, two years of college teaching experience and having published over 50 peer reviewed publications and patents, George F. Elmasry has a strong interdisciplinary background in electrical and computer engineering, computer science, research, presentation, patent, publication and grant-proposal activities. He has in-depth knowledge of commercial and tactical telecommunication systems, with an industrial background including: heading Networking and Communications Division at a US defense firm; serving as the technical lead of a wireless networking simulation and modeling group; and developing simulation software using OPNET, MS Visual C++, C under SunOS. George Elmasry obtained his PhD in Electrical Engineering from New Jersey Institute of Technology and has research publications that span from physical layer to QoS, to Network Management, to protocols and algorithms.
Klappentext
Uniquely presents tactical wireless communications and networks from an open architecture model perspective
Providing a complete description of modern tactical military communications and networks technologies, this book systematically compares tactical military communications techniques with their commercial equivalents, pointing out similarities and differences. The author methodologically leads readers through this complex topic; first providing theoretical background on the protocol stack layers as they relate to tactical wireless communications and networking, second cover legacy, current and future tactical radio, and then going into detail on the open architecture challenges.
The book covers legacy non-IP tactical radios, IP-based tactical Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) radios, the place of cognitive radios in future tactical communications, as well as the use of core networks in the tactical theatre. Also presented are the Joint Tactical Radio Systems (JTRS) and other waveforms in the larger context of the Global Information Grid (GIG). This in-depth coverage enables readers to reflect on the security and Network Operations (NetOps) challenges, the need for cross layer signalling, the hypothesis of merging some protocol stack layers, and the techniques that are unique to tactical communications and networking, allowing them to move on to further practical and theoretical considerations.
Key Features:
- Covers the current state of tactical networking as well as the future long term evolution of tactical wireless communications and networking in the next 50 years
- Furnished throughout with illustrations and case studies to clarify the notional and architectural approaches
- Written at an advanced level with scope as a reference tool for engineers and scientists as well as a graduate text for advanced courses
Inhalt
About the Author xi
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
List of Acronyms xvii
Part I Theoretical Basis
1 Introduction 3
1.1 The OSI Model 4
1.2 From Network Layer to IP Layer 6
1.3 Pitfall of the OSI Model 7
1.4 Tactical Networks Layers 9
1.5 Historical Perspective 10
Bibliography 11
2 The Physical Layer 13
2.1 Modulation 13
2.1.1 Signal-in-Space (SiS) 16
2.2 Signal Detection 22
2.2.1 Signal Detection in Two-Dimensional Space 24
2.2.2 Multidimensional Constellations for AWGN 28
2.3 Non-Coherent Demodulation 29
2.4 Signal Fading 29
2.5 Power Spectrum 31
2.6 Spread Spectrum Modulation 34
2.6.1 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum 35
2.6.2 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum 38
2.7 Concluding Remarks 40
2.7.1 What Happens Before Modulation and After Demodulation? 40
2.7.2 Historical Perspective 40
Bibliography 41
3 The DLL and Information Theory in Tactical Networks 43
3.1 Information Theory and Channel Capacity 43
3.1.1 Uncertainty and Information 45
3.1.2 Entropy 46
3.1.3 Coding for a Discrete Memoryless Source 48
3.1.4 Mutual Information and Discrete Channels 50
3.1.5 The Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) Model 53
3.1.6 Capacity of a Discrete Channel 54
3.2 Channel Coding, Error Detection, and Error Correction 57
3.2.1 Hamming Distance and Probability of Bit Error in Channel Coding 58
3.2.2 Overview of Linear Block Codes 60
3.2.3 Convolutional Codes 62
3.2.4 Concatenated Coding and Interleaving 64
3.2.5 Network Coding versus Transport Layer Packet
Erasure Coding 65
3.3 Concluding Remarks 67
3.3.1 The Role of Information Theory and Coding in Tactical Wireless Communications and Networking 67 3.3.2 Historical Perspective 68
Appendix 3.A: Using RS Code in Tactical Networks Transport Layer 69
3.A.1 The Utilized RS Code 69
3.A.2 Packet Erasure Analysis 70
3.A.3 Imposed Tactical Requirements 77
Bibliography 80
4 MAC and Network Layers in Tactical Networks 83
4.1 MAC Layer and Multiple Access Techniques 83
4.2 Queuing Theory 87
4.2.1 Statistical Multiplexing of Packets 87
4.2.2 Queuing Models 92
4.3 Concluding Remarks 106
4.3.1 How Congestion Happens in Tactical Wireless Networks 106
4.3.2 Historical Perspective 107
4.3.3 Remarks Regarding the First Part of the Book 108
Bibliography 110
Part II The Evolution Of Tactical Radios
5 Non-IP Tactical Radios and the Move toward IP 113
5.1 Multistep Evolution to the Global Information Grid 113
5.2 Link-16 Waveform 114
5.2.1 Link-16 Messages 119
5.2.2 Link Layer Operations of Link-16 120
5.2.3 JTIDS/LINK-16 Modulation and Coding 120
5.2.4 Enhancements to Link-16 126
5.2.5 Concluding Remarks on Link-16 Waveform 129
5.3 EPLRS Waveform 130
5.4 SINCGARS Waveform 131
5.5 Tactical Internet (TI) 131
5.6 IP Gateways 136
5.6.1 Throughput Efficiency 136
5.6.2 End-to-End Packet Loss 137
5.7 Concluding Remarks 137
5.7.1 What Comes…