The Inner Ear: Including Otoneurology, Otosurgery, and Problems in Modern Warfare covers the anatomical, physiological and the central pathways of the inner ear. This book is composed of 15 chapters that particularly consider the pathologic anatomy of the various forms of labyrinthine diseases. The first three chapters deal with the clinical anatomy and physiological features of the inner ear. The next chapter examines certain conditions that can be observed during induced and abnormal excitability of the labyrinth. These topics are followed by considerable chapters on various forms of labyrinthine diseases, including otosclerosis, inflammatory diseases, intracranial complications, congenital diseases, neoplasms, facial palsy, vascular lesions, and war trauma. A chapter evaluates the potential use of sulfa drugs in chemotherapy for inner ear cases. Another chapter surveys the role of the inner ear in the aeronautics and the functional tests for aviation fitness. The last chapter discusses the effects of atmospheric pressure changes on the ear. This book will be of value to otologists, otoneurologists, and otosurgeons.
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Authors; Prefaces
Chapter I. Clinical Anatomy
1. Nomenclature
2. Topographic Relations Within the Petrous Bone
3. The Bony Inner Ear
4. The Membranous Inner Ear
5. The Nervous Apparatus of the Inner Ear
The Facial Nerve.
The Cochlear Nerve.
The Labyrinth Nerve and Its Peripheral Termination.
The Central Labyrinthine Apparatus.
6. Blood Supply of the Inner Ear
7. The Dura Mater and the Venous Sinuses
8. Communications of the Inner Ear with the Cranial Fossa
9. Topographic Relation of the Inner Ear to the Brain
Relation to the Cerebellum.
Relation to the Cerebrum
References
Chapter II. General Physiology
1. Comparative Physiology
2. Physiology of the Human Labyrinth
3. Histophysiologic Factors
4. Function of the Cristae
5. Function of the Maculae (Otolithic Organ)
6. Linear Movements
7. Function of the Saccule
8. Separation of Macula and Crista Functions
9. Influence of the Labyrinth on the Striated Musculature (Tonus)
10. Influence of the Labyrinth on the Autonomous System
11. Kinetovisual Function
12. Summary
References
Chapter III. Applied Physiology
Spontaneous Manifestations
1. Vertigo
2. Spontaneous Disturbances of Equilibrium and Coordination
3. Spontaneous Nystagmus
4. Conjugate Paresis and Conjugate Deviation
5. Convergence Spasm
6. Labyrinthine Strabismus
References
Induced Reactions
1. Optokinetic Reaction
2. Caloric Reaction
3. Bilateral Calorization
4. Turning Reaction
5. Mechanical Reaction (Fistula Symptom)
6. Galvanic Reaction
7. Tonic Reflexes and Reactions
References
Chapter IV. Functional Tests
Spontaneous Manifestations
1. Vertigo
2. Spontaneous Disturbances of Equilibrium and Coordination
3. Spontaneous Nystagmus
4. Conjugate Paresis and Conjugate Deviation of the Eyeballs
References
Induced Reactions
1. Optokinetic Tests
2. Caloric Tests
3. Bilateral Calorization
4. Turning Tests
5. Mechanical Tests (Fistula Symptom)
6. Galvanic Test
7. Tonic Reflexes and Reactions
References
Evaluation of Abnormal Reactions
1. Changes in Relation to Certain Stimuli
2. Changes in Certain Semicircular Canals
3. Vestibular Disharmony
4. Hyperexcitability
5. Hypo-excitability
6. Loss of Excitability
7. Qualitative Changes
Differentiation of Peripheral and Central Lesions
1. Significance of Spontaneous Manifestations
2. Significance of Induced Reactions
Chapter V. Primary Diseases of the Labyrinthine Capsule: Otosclerosis
1. Historical Viewpoints
2. Pathologic Anatomy
3. Etiology
4. Clinical Diagnosis
5. Treatment
References
Chapter VI. Inflammatory Diseases of the Inner Ear
Lesions of Labyrinth
1. Otitis Interna Serosa
2. Para-Otitis Interna Purulenta
3. Peri-Otitis Interna Purulenta
4. Otitis Interna Purulenta
5. Otitis Interna Purulenta Complicata
6. Otitis Interna Traumatica
7. Indications for Surgery
8. Operative Technic
Inflammation of the Petrous Pyramid
1. Pathways of Infection: Pathology
2. Clinical Diagnosis
3. Treatment
References
Chapter VII. Intracranial Labyrinthogenic Complications
1. Viewpoints and Classification
2. Extradural Lesions (Pachymeningitis Externa)
Etiology and Pathologic Anatomy.
Symptoms and Diagnosis.
Treatment.
3. Intradural Lesions
Empyema of the Endolymphatic Sac.
Sinus Thrombosis.
4. Subdural Lesions
Pachymeningitis Interna (Subdural Abscess).
Leptomeningitis.
Serous Meningitis.
Purulent Meningitis.
5. Cerebellar Abscess
General Considerations.
Etiology.
Paths of Infection.
Pathologic Anatomy.
Bacteriology.
Symptomatology.
Diagnosis.
Differential Diagnosis.
Operative Treatment.
6. Temporosphenoidal Abscess
Symptomatology.
Treatment.
References
Chapter VIII. Chemotherapy
1. Classification and General Use of the Sulfa Drugs
Sulfanilamide.
Sulfapyridine.
Sulfathiazole.
Sulfadiazine.
2. Use of Sulfa Drugs in Otology
References
Chapter IX. Facial Palsy
1. Anatomic and Physiologic Basis
2. Classification and Etiology
Otogenic (Inflammatory) Facial Palsy.
Facial Palsy in Connection with Skull Trauma.
Facial Palsy Due to Operative Injuries.
Facial Palsy in Connection with Tumors.
Facial Palsy of Unknown Origin.
3. Clinical Signs and Symptoms
4. Treatment
Causal Treatment.
Conservative Treatment.
Surgical Repair.
References
Chapter X. Congenital Diseases
1. Changes of the Bony Inner Ear
Systemic Diseases of the Bones.
Otosclerosis.
Arrested Malformations.
2. Changes of the Nerve and Sensory Apparatus
Deaf-Mutism.
Chronic Progressive Inner-Ear Deafness.
Anomalies of the Labyrinth.
References
Chapter XI. Neoplasms
1. Neoplasms of the Inner Ear
Endothelioma (Meningeoma).
Sarcoma.
Carcinoma.
2. Neoplasms of the Cerebellopontile Angle
Acoustic Tumors (Neurinoma).
Other Angle Tumors.
3. Tumors of the Anterior and Middle Cranial Fossae: Congestive Inner Ear
Conclusions
References
Chapter XII. Vascular Lesions: Ménière's Syndrome
1. Classification
2. Pathologic Anatomy
3. Etiology
Theories of Causation.
4. Symptomatology
5. Treatment
Medical Therapy.
Surgical Therapy.
References
Chapter XIII. War Trauma
1. Skull Fractures
Symptomatology.
Treatment.
2. Concussion of the Inner Ear
Symptomatology.
3. Trauma Due to Explosions
Ear Symptoms Due to a Sudden Blast (Acute Trauma).
Ear Symptoms Due to Repeated Short Explosions (Chronic Trauma).<…