This book describes Anal Disorders, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

The anus is that lowest part of the intestinal tract that passes through the muscular canal of the pelvis and anal sphincters.

It is the final opening (orifice) through which stool passes out of the body.

In adults, the length of the anus is 4 to 5 centimeters long.

The lower half of the anal canal has very sensitive nerve ends.

There are blood vessels under the lining, and in its middle section there are numerous tiny, anal glands.

Disorders of the anus are frequent.

They are hemorrhoids, abscesses, fistulas (tracts), fissures (cracks), and cancer.

The most frequent causes of Anal Disorders are:
1. Constipation
2. Chronic diarrhea
3. Hereditary factors
4. Excessive sweating in the area around the anus
5. Aging

Risk Factors for Anal Disorders

These factors may raise the likelihood of Anal Disorders:
1. High daily salt intake
2. History of diabetes
3. Hyperlipidemia (high lipids in blood)
4. Suffering from dermatitis
5. History of anorectal surgery
6. History of smoking and alcohol intake
7. Sedentary lifestyle
8. Excessive intake of spicy food
9. Prolonged sitting on the toilet for defecation

Symptoms of Anal Disorders are indicative of Anal Disorders:

1. Pain in the perianal area
2. Constipation
3. Drainage from the rectum
4. Fever
5. Chills
6. Palpable mass near the anus
7. Itchiness
8. Burning sensation
9. Pus discharge
10. Blood
11. Diarrhea
12. Swelling in around the rectum and anus

While all anal disorders produce some type of anal discomfort or pain, other symptoms differ, depending on the specific anal disorder.

For anal fissure, symptoms may be:
1. Pain in the anal area, often described as sharp, searing or burning, and normally activated by a bowel movement
2. Mild rectal bleeding, typically a small amount of bright red blood with a bowel movement or on the toilet paper.

For anal abscess, symptoms are:
1. A firm, tender mass or swelling in or around the anal area
2. Occasionally fever, chills and a generally sick feeling.

For an anal fistula, symptoms may be:
1. Mild pain around the anus, centered in a region where an old anal abscess has either drained spontaneously, or has been opened surgically by a doctor
2. Persistent drainage of blood, pus or foul-smelling mucus from the anal area.
3. Symptoms of a recurrent anal abscess which may develop if the external opening of the fistula becomes clogged and the old abscess reactivates

For thrombosis of an external hemorrhoid, the symptoms are:
1. A firm and normally quite painful swelling at the anal orifice
2. Occasionally bloody discharge, if the surface of the hemorrhoid breaks down.

Procedures for Treatment of Anal Disorders are:
1. Surgical excision: To control pain
2. Rubber band ligation: To decrease the amount of redundant tissue
3. Sclerotherapy: To increase fixation of the hemorrhoid tissue to the wall of the rectum
4. Infrared coagulation: To decrease vascularity
5. Hemorrhoidopexy: To fix the anal cushions in place and resect the tissue
6. Hemorrhoidectomy: To remove hemorrhoids
7. Sphincterotomy: To treat anal fissure
8. Incision and drainage: To prevent spread, recurrence, and subsequent fistulization
9. Sacral nerve stimulation: Improves squeeze pressures of the anal sphincter and rectal sensation

While it is not always possible to prevent other types of anal disorders, the patient may be able to decrease the risk by:
1. Using gentle techniques to clean the anal area
2. Keeping the anal area dry by changing underwear often and using powder to absorb moisture
3. Always using a condom if the patient practices anal interco...

Dr. Kenneth Kee is a well-known medical doctor from Singapore who has been practicing medicine since 1972.
He graduated from the University of Singapore and furthered his studies with a Master of Science in Health Management in 1991, followed by a Ph.D. in Healthcare Administration in 1993.
Dr. Kee established Kee Clinic in 1974, located in the Holland Drive area of Singapore. The clinic has been a prominent feature of the community, offering general medical services for 5 decades.
Dr Kee also served his country Singapore as a national service police Inspector at night from 1975 to 1985 while working at his clinic during the day.
He had served as a police guard to the Woodland Petroleum Tanks at night during the Indonesian Confrontation period, took part in police rounds at night in the Beach Road area and taught First aid and emergency resuscitation to Police recruits.
He received the Singapore Police Bicentennial 2020 Medallion on 1st March 2024 as recognition for his work in the Singapore Police.
Even as he grew older, Dr. Kee continued to work actively in his clinic, although he eventually reduced his consultation hours.
Beyond his medical career, Dr. Kee is also an author.
He started writing about medical conditions in 2007, using blogs and other online platforms to share his knowledge with a broader audience.
Over time, he published various books, many of which provide simple and accessible guides to different health conditions.
His works include "A Family Doctor's Tale," "My Personal Singapore History," and numerous medical guides, available through platforms like Amazon.
His books often combine his personal experiences as a family doctor with insights into Singapore's healthcare system and history.
Dr. Kee has written extensively on health topics, contributing to both medical literature and general knowledge resources.

Dr. Kenneth Kee has written numerous books, primarily focused on health education and personal experiences as a family doctor. Some of his notable titles include:
"A Family Doctor's Tale"
This book is a blend of Dr. Kee's personal experiences and his reflections on being a family doctor in Singapore. It's a great choice if you're looking for a narrative that combines both medical knowledge and human stories.
"Specialized Medical Conditions"
Books like **"Congestive Heart Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment"** focus on specific conditions, offering in-dept...