The battles between Michael Bakunin and Karl Marx in the First International (aka the International Working Men's Association, 1864-1876) began a pattern of polemics and rancor between anarchists and Marxists that still exists today. Outlining the profound similarities between Bakunin and Marx in their early lives and careers as activists, Mark Leier suggests that the differences have often been exaggerated and have prevented activists from learning useful lessons about creating vibrant movements.

After several years working as a bridge tender, short order cook, busker, construction laborer, and printer, among other jobs, Mark Leier went to university, receiving a PhD in history from Memorial University of Newfoundland. He now works in the history department of Simon Fraser University. His many books include Bakunin: The Creative Passion.