Nocturia is defined as the complaint that the individual has to wake up at night one or more times to void and can result in sleep deprivation, chronic fatigue, falls, fractures, or invalidity. Nocturia is a frequent but still underrecognized and undertreated symptom in men and women of all ages. Nocturia appears in individuals with heart, lung, kidney, bladder, or prostate problems but can also be a concomitant symptom in many other diseases. Behavioural aspects, such as an abnormal drinking pattern, may also be involved. As patients with Nocturia are seen by many different health care providers, each specialty tends to draw their own conclusions and initiate different assessments and treatments. This book offers a comprehensive (re)view on the symptomatology of Nocturia, highlights the perspectives of different medical specialities, and provides the latest information on the epidemiology and pathophysiology. The optimal assessment and the different therapeutic modalities are extensively discussed. The various chapters of this book, all written by well-known experts, allow for an adequate synthesis that is useful in any clinical practice dealing with patients bothered by Nocturia.
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1.Definitions and Standardization of Terminology in Nocturia142.Prevalence and Bother of Nocturia182.1.Forewords of definition182.2.Prevalence192.3.Questionnaire versus frequency-volume chart in assessment of nocturia prevalence202.4.Bother of nocturia212.5.Conclusions233.Pathophysiology of Nocturia283.1.Urinary tract pathophysiology of nocturia283.1.1.Renal causes of nocturia283.1.2.Overactive bladder293.1.3.Benign prostate enlargement303.1.4.Neurogenic bladder313.1.5.Bladder pain syndrome313.1.6.Differential diagnosis323.1.7.Conclusions323.2.Nocturia and heart diseases353.2.1.Pathophysiology of nocturia in heart failure353.2.2.Management of heart failure413.2.3.Summary433.3.Nocturia and pulmonary diseases453.3.1.Association of nocturia and pulmonary disease453.3.2.Pulmonary hypertension453.3.3.Pulmonary mechanisms causing nocturia453.3.4.Pulmonary diseases associated with nocturia463.3.5.Summary524.Impact of Nocturia on Sleep and Quality of Life564.1.Impact of nocturia on Quality of Sleep564.1.1.Normal sleep564.1.2.Sleep, how much is enough?564.1.3.Sleep and age574.1.4.Insights into the consequences of sleep disturbance: proof from nocturia584.1.5.Conclusions604.2.Nocturia and impact on Quality of Life624.2.1.Definition of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)624.2.2.HRQoL " The need for a reliable and valid instrument624.2.3.Disease-specific vs. generic questionnaires634.2.4.Is QoL worth assessing?634.2.5.QoL and nocturia644.2.6.Conclusion685.Assessment of Nocturia and Nocturnal Polyuria725.1.Nocturnal polyuria735.2.Decreased nocturnal bladder capacity745.3.Mixed nocturia755.4.Global polyuria756.Management of Nocturia and Treatment Algorithms806.1.Behavioural strategies806.2.Therapy for concomitant (non-urological) disorders816.3.Treatment of sleep disorders816.4.Pharmacological therapy for urological disorders816.4.1.Targeting the bladder or prostate816.4.2.Targeting the kidney " antidiuretic therapy826.4.3.Gender differences during desmopressin treatment856.4.4.Combination therapy856.5.Prostate surgery866.6.Patient-related benefits of nocturia therapy866.7.Conclusions877.Outlook " Future Developments in the Treatment of Nocturia927.1.The impact of definitions927.2.How do we measure nocturia and its impact?927.3.One symptom " many causes937.4.What are meaningful treatment goals?937.5.Future treatments94Index95