Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, with at least one third of cases requiring hospitalization. It remains an important cause of death in industrialized countries. CAP is caused by a variety of pathogens with their order of importance dependent on the location and population studied. This volume presents state-of-the-art knowledge on epidemiology, clinical presentation, immunology, pathology, and diagnosis of CAP, including the identification of new pathogens. It also covers therapeutic approaches, antibiotics resistance, disease management and vaccination strategies. The volume is of interest to researchers and clinicians in virology, epidemiology and biomedicine.